基于碳纳米管及其复合材料的柔性应变传感器研究进展  

Research Progress of High Performance Strain Sensors Based on Carbon Nanotubes and Their Composite

作　　者：张永芳 文镜茜 董丽虹 王海斗 郭伟玲 黄艳斐 ZHANG Yongfang;WEN Jingqian;DONG Lihong;WANG Haidou;GUO Weiling;HUANG Yanfei(School of Printing,Packaging and Digital Media,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an 710054,China;National Key Laboratory for Remanufacturing,Army Academy of Armored Forces,Beijing 100072,China;National Engineering Research Center for Remanufacturing,Army Academy of Armored Forces,Beijing 100072,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学印刷包装与数字媒体学院,西安710054 [2]陆军装甲兵学院装备再制造技术国防科技重点实验室,北京100072 [3]陆军装甲兵学院机械产品再制造国家工程研究中心,北京100072

出　　处：《材料导报》2024年第14期66-76,共11页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家重大项目(2021-JCJQ-ZD-302);国家自然科学基金(52175206,52130509)。

摘　　要：压阻式应变传感器常被用于监测结构部位的变形状况,通过将捕获到的机械信号转变为电信号,从而实现对应变的监测。考虑到监测对象的结构和实际应用,压阻式应变传感器需要具备一定的柔性,以此实现弯曲或可拉伸界面的应变监测,为制备出对应变敏感度高、耐用性强、不易损坏且能够在承受多次循环负载后依然具备良好性能的应变传感器,近年来导电层所使用的传感材料成为研究热点。碳纳米管具有特殊的性质并且与金属导电材料银、铜等或碳系导电材料中的石墨烯、炭黑等相互掺杂有显著的增强效果,因此在制备高性能的柔性应变传感器中有着巨大的潜力。本文综述了近年来为了提高应变传感性能而使用碳纳米管及其复合材料所制备的柔性应变传感器的研究现状,介绍了相关应变传感机制以及碳纳米管基应变传感器在各领域的应用,并讨论了碳纳米管基柔性应变传感器所面临的挑战。Piezoresistive strain sensors are often used to monitor structural deformation by converting captured mechanicalsignals into electrical ones.Considering the structure and practical application of the monitoring object,the piezoresistive strain sensor needs to have certain flexibility,so as to realize the strain monitoring of the bending or tensile interface,in order to prepare a strain sensor with high strain sensitivity,strong durability,non-easy damage and good performance after enduring many cycles of load,in recent years,the sensing materials used in the conductive layer are the research hotspot.Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)have special properties and can be enhanced by doping with metal conductive materials such as silver,copper or carbon black in carbon conductive materials,therefore,it has great potential in the preparation of high-performance flexible strain sensors.In this paper,the research status of flexible strain sensors made of carbon nanotubes and their composites in order to improve the strain sensing performance is reviewed,the related strain sensing mechanism and the applications of carbon nanotube-based strain sensors in various fields are introduced,and the challenges faced by carbon nanotube-based flexible strain sensors are discussed.

关 键 词：碳纳米管 复合材料 应变传感器 高性能 传感机制 

分 类 号：TB383[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]