数据资产市场定价机制的局限性及其法治构想  

The Market-Based Pricing Mechanism for Data Assets:Limitations and Legalization

作　　者：邓刚宏 刘乐 DENG Ganghong;LIU Le(Law School,Shanghai Maritime University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学法学院,上海201306

出　　处：《上海大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第4期1-13,共13页Journal of Shanghai University(Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：数据资产定价机制及其法治化是构建数字经济的基础性制度。数据资产市场化定价是主流的学术观点,也是数据资产交易实践的通行做法,但这既不符合《中华人民共和国价格法》构建的定价机制,也不利于实现对数据资产交易的监管。造成这种局限性的原因,是数据资产市场定价与数据资产的权利属性定位具有冲突,对数据资产的特殊性认识不足,不具备生产要素定价的法治化基础。我国应当构建“以市场定价为主、政府干预定价为辅”的数据交易定价机制,并实现其法治化。有必要从数据资产定价市场化与法治化的关系、政府干预数据资产定价的逻辑基础以及数据资产定价目录清单管理制度三个层面,揭示数据资产定价机制的逻辑,以其逻辑为基础,提出数据资产定价的具体制度,以规范政府干预数据资产定价的方式。The pricing mechanism and legalization of data assets are fundamental systems necessary for constructing the digital economy.Market-based pricing of data assets is considered the mainstream academic view and the prevalent practice in data asset transactions.However,this approach does not conform to the pricing mechanism established by the Price Law of the People's Republic of China,nor does it facilitate the regulation of data asset transactions.The limitations arise partly because market-based pricing of data assets conflicts with the defined rights attributes of data assets.Other reasons include an insufficient understanding of the uniqueness of data assets and a lack of legal foundation for the pricing of production factors.China should develop a pricing mechanism for data assets that primarily relies on market pricing with supplementary government intervention,and ensure its legalization.It is necessary to unveil the logic of the data asset pricing mechanism in the following three aspects:the relationship between marketization and legalization,the logical basis for government intervention,and the catalog list management system.Based on this logic,we propose specific systems for data asset pricing,thus standardizing the methods of government intervention in data asset pricing.

关 键 词：数据资产 法治化 类型化定价机制 目录清单管理制度 

分 类 号：D922.29[政治法律—经济法学]