不同年龄藏绵羊肌肉脂肪酸特征分析  

Analysis of Muscle Fatty Acid Characteristics of Tibetan Sheep of Different Ages

作　　者：王翻兄 徐英 沙玉柱 邵鹏阳 谢转回 李文浩 王继卿 李少斌 陈小伟 杨文鑫 刘秀 WANG Fanxiong;XU Ying;SHA Yuzhu;SHAO Pengyang;XIE Zhuanhui;LI Wenhao;WANG Jiqing;LI Shaobin;CHEN Xiaowei;YANG Wenxin;LIU Xiu(Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivore Biotechnology,College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Qinghai University,Xi’ning 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,甘肃省草食动物生物技术重点实验室,兰州730070 [2]青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,西宁810016

出　　处：《中国农业科技导报》2024年第8期74-83,共10页Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32260820);甘肃农业大学科技创新基金项目(GAU-QDFC-2022-06);甘肃农业大学学科团队项目(GAU-XKTD-2022-21)。

摘　　要：为探究自然放牧条件下不同年龄藏绵羊肌肉脂肪酸含量及组成特征,选择不同年龄(1.5、3.5、6.0岁)藏绵羊母羊18只(每个年龄各6只),采用气相色谱仪测定其背最长肌、前腿肌和后腿肌中的脂肪酸组成及含量。结果表明,不同年龄藏绵羊肌肉脂肪酸组成及含量存在显著差异;其中,在背最长肌中,3.5岁组肉豆蔻酸(C14∶0)含量显著高于其他组(P<0.05),肉豆蔻烯酸(C14∶1)、亚油酸(C18∶2n6c)和花生四烯酸(C20∶4n6)含量在3个年龄组差异不显著;在前腿肌中,3.5岁组肉豆蔻烯酸(C14∶1)和亚油酸(C18∶2n6c)含量显著高于其他组(P<0.05);在后腿肌中,6.0岁组硬脂酸(C18∶0)含量显著高于1.5岁组(P<0.05);3个肌肉组织中的多不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸的比值(polyunsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid,P/S)在0.280~0.798,其中,在前腿肌中,3.5岁组P/S显著高于其他组(P<0.05),在后腿肌中,1.5岁组P/S显著高于3.5岁组(P<0.05)。因此,1.5岁组藏绵羊不同肌肉组织中脂肪酸组成及含量更具优势,即成年后藏绵羊年龄越小其肉质具有更好的食用价值与生产高档羊肉的潜力。以上结果为不同年龄藏绵羊肉的营养价值评定及其产业化开发与利用提供了参考。In order to investigate the fatty acid content and composition characteristics of Tibetan sheep muscle at different ages under natural grazing conditions,18 Tibetan sheep ewes(6 at each age)were selected from different ages(1.5,3.5,6.0 years).The fatty acid composition and content of longissimus dorsi muscle,foreleg muscle and hindleg muscle were determined by gas chromatograph.The results showed that there were significant differences in fatty acid composition and content in muscle of Tibetan sheep at different ages.In longissimus dorsi muscle,the content of myristic acid(C14∶0)in 3.5 years old group was significantly higher than those in other groups(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference in the contents of myristic acid(C17∶1),linoleic acid(C18∶2n6c)and arachidonic acid(C20∶4n6)among 3 age groups.In the foreleg muscle,the contents of myristic acid(C14∶1)and linoleic acid(C18∶2n6c)in 3.5 years old group were significantly higher than those in other groups(P<0.05).In hindleg muscle,stearic acid(C18∶0)content in 6.0 years old group was significantly higher than that in 1.5 years old group(P<0.05).The ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids(P/S)in the 3 muscle tissues ranged from 0.280 to 0.798,among which,the P/S in the foreleg muscle was significantly higher in the 3.5 years old group than in the other groups(P<0.05),and in the hindleg muscle,the P/S in 1.5 years old group was significantly higher than that in 3.5 years old group(P<0.05).Therefore,the composition and content of fatty acids in different muscle tissues of Tibetan sheep were more advantageous in the 1.5 years old group,that was the younger the Tibetan sheep were in adulthood,the better the meat quality had the edible value and the potential to produce high-grade mutton.Above results provided a reference for the nutritional value assessment and industrialization development and utilization of Tibetan sheep meat of different ages.

关 键 词：不同年龄 藏绵羊 肌肉 脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学]