法国近代化进程中的查理七世军事改革  

The Military Reforms of Charles VI and the Modernization of France

作　　者：许二斌[1] Xu Erbin

机构地区：[1]厦门大学历史与文化遗产学院

出　　处：《历史研究》2024年第5期153-172,M0007,共21页Historical Research

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目"常备军兴起与近代早期西欧社会研究"(22ASS003)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：查理七世及其顾问解决了和平时期供养军队的难题,创建了中世纪以来西欧第一支常备军——敕令骑兵队。一支纪律严格、战斗力强的军队使查理七世迅速收复被英军占领的土地,赢得百年战争的最终胜利。常备军的建立是法国绝对主义王权兴起的关键步骤,也是其从封建君主国向近代国家转变的重要节点,它促进了法国国家统一和国家认同的形成,推动国家对暴力的垄断,改善了法国的社会治安。查理七世改革推动了法国迈向近代化的历史进程。Charles VIl and his advisors were able to resolve the problem of feeding an army in peacetime to create the compagnies d'ordonnance-the first standing army in Western Europe since the Middle Ages.Equipped with a disciplined,combat-worthy army,Charles VI successfully reclaimed territories occupied by the English and secured the decisive victory ending the Hundred Years'War.The creation of this standing army marked a pivotal moment in France's evolution toward absolute monarchy and its transformation from a feudal monarchy to a modern state.The establishment of a standing army strengthened French national unity and identity,facilitated the monopoly of violence means by the state,and improved public security.Charles Ⅶ's reforms were instrumental to the historical process of France's modernization.

关 键 词：查理七世 军事改革 常备军 绝对主义 近代化 

分 类 号：K504[历史地理—历史学]