中药材磷化铝污染情况的风险评估  

Risk assessment of aluminum phosphide pollution in traditional Chinese medicine

作　　者：王月玲 戚鹏飞 李坚 陈文慧 李运 徐雪梅 WANG Yueling;QI Pengfei;LI Jian;CHEN Wenhui;LI Yun;XU Xuemei(Lanzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control,Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Veterinary Drugs Monitoring for State Market Regulation,Gansu,Lanzhou 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州市食品药品检验检测研究院,国家市场监管食品中农药兽药残留监控重点实验室,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《中国医药科学》2024年第13期41-44,共4页China Medicine And Pharmacy

基　　金：甘肃省兰州市科技计划项目(2022-2-45);甘肃省药品监督管理局药品科研项目(2020GSMPA033)。

摘　　要：目的目前中药材市场上存在磷化铝熏蒸的现象,由此而引起的磷化氢残留会对人体健康造成危害,因此需要对其风险进行分析和评估,以保证中药材的质量安全。方法采用顶空气相色谱仪对收集的样本中的磷化氢残留量进行检测,并采用模型对检测数据进行风险量化分析与评估。结果暴露风险和污染程度分析显示,20种中药材中除当归和土鳖虫属污染产品外,其他中药材有不同程度的轻度污染或处于正常的背景范围内。结论在国家禁止使用磷化铝熏蒸中药材的大背景下,中药材中仍有磷化氢检出,可见中药材中磷化铝污染的潜在风险仍然客观存在。Objective At present,there is still a phenomenon of fumigation with aluminum phosphide in the Chinese herbal medicine market,which leads to phosphine residue that is harmful to human health,so it is necessary to analyze and evaluate its risks to ensure the quality and safety of Chinese herbal medicines.Methods Headspace gas chromatograph was used to detect the residual phosphine in the collected samples,and the relevant model was used to quantitatively analyze and evaluate the risk of the detection data.Results The analysis of exposure risk and pollution degree showed that among the 20 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines,except Angelica sinensis and Eupolyphaga sinensis were polluted products,other Chinese herbal medicines were slightly polluted to varying degrees or within the normal background.Conclusion Phosphine is still detected in Chinese herbal medicines under the background that the country has repeatedly banned the use of aluminum phosphide to fumigate Chinese herbal medicines,which shows that the potential risk of aluminum phosphide pollution in Chinese herbal medicines still exists objectively.

关 键 词：中药材 磷化铝熏蒸 残留磷化氢 风险评估 

分 类 号：R917[医药卫生—药物分析学]