“地理”之外:斯特拉波对罗马帝国“历史记忆”的构建  

Beyond‘Geography':Strabo's Construction of the Historical Memory of the Roman Empire

作　　者：陈莹[1] Chen Ying

机构地区：[1]西南大学历史文化学院、希腊研究中心

出　　处：《世界历史》2024年第3期40-53,163,共15页World History

摘　　要：《地理志》冠以地理之名,但并非一部纯粹的科学地理学著作,斯特拉波不仅将古希腊人的神话与历史等填充于作品中,还极力论证荷马在地理学领域的权威,实际上放弃了地理研究的科学性;虽然斯特拉波的《地理志》与其《历史记录》联系密切,蕴含了丰富的历史信息,但斯特拉波对研究实用性的突出强调,致使他既区别于科学地理学家,《地理志》中的历史插叙又与希罗多德等古典史家的历史书写不同,本质上是对区域历史记忆的主观性构建。斯特拉波秉持着为统治者服务的原则,对《地理志》中的历史元素加以嫁接、融合和重塑,将希腊神话传说和历史知识填充到罗马统治者的知识系统中,演绎出各地区如何并入罗马帝国的历史进程,进而构建出与帝国统治秩序相匹配的共同的历史记忆。由此,斯特拉波借以谱写共同历史记忆的希腊文化,最终变成了用于维系罗马帝国的基石。Strabo's Geography bears the name of geography,yet it is not a purely scientific geographical work.He not only incorporated the Greek mythology and history into his work,but also vigorously emphasised on the authority of Homer in the field of geography,effectively forsaking the scientific integrity of geographical research.Furthermore,although Strabo's Geography was closely related to his historical work and contained rich historical information,his prominent emphasis on research utility distinguished himself from scientific geographers,while the historical digressions in Geography differed from iotopiαwritten by the classical historians,such as Herodotus,essentially representing a subjective construction of regional historical memory.Upholding the principle of serving the rulers,Strabo interlaced,integrated and reshaped the historical elements in Geography,infusing the Greek mythology legends and historical knowledge into the knowledge system of the Roman rulers,and elaborating on how various regions were incorporated into the Roman Empire.Accordingly,he constructed a common historical memory that aligned with the imperial governance.Consequently,the Greek culture that Strabo used to compose the common historical memory ultimately became the cornerstone for maintaining the Roman Empire.

关 键 词：斯特拉波 地理志 历史记忆 希腊文化 罗马帝国 

分 类 号：K126[历史地理—历史学]