激光热成像无损检测研究进展(特邀)  

Research progress of laser thermography non-destructive testing(invited)

作　　者：何赟泽 陈琦 王洪金 邓堡元 杨瑞珍 王耀南[1] HE Yunze;CHEN Qi;WANG Hongjin;DENG Baoyuan;YANG Ruizhen;WANG Yaonan(College of Electrical and Information Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China;College of Civil Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学电气与信息工程学院,湖南长沙410082 [2]湖南大学土木工程学院,湖南长沙410082

出　　处：《红外与激光工程》2024年第7期41-56,共16页Infrared and Laser Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52377009);湖南省自然科学基金面上项目(2023JJ30166,2023JJ70004)。

摘　　要：红外热成像是无损检测技术的典型代表。按有无外部激励源,红外热成像可大致分为被动式热成像与主动式热成像两类。其中,以激光作为激励源的主动式热成像,因其输出功率稳定、能量分布均匀、可控性强等诸多优势于近些年得到了广泛的应用。文中首先介绍了激光热成像无损检测系统的构成与激光热成像的分类,并进一步探讨了激光热成像无损检测系统的优化与相关图像处理方法,并从应用角度对现有主要研究工作进行了综述、分析、总结与对比。目前,基于激光热成像的无损检测方法在实际应用过程中存在精度不够,效率偏低,检测对象受限等问题。为提升检测效果,研究人员从激励方式、检测条件、图像处理等方面出发提出了多类优化策略。随着新一代信息技术的发展与检测技术精度要求的提高,激光热成像无损检测从裂纹等表面缺陷的检测,拓展至包括分层、脱粘等内部缺陷检测,从缺陷定性分析拓展至缺陷定量计算,从二维缺陷识别拓展至三维缺陷重构。通过详细分析现有研究,认为提升激光源性能、开发小型便携式激光器、结合智能算法的三维缺陷定量检测等是激光热成像无损检测未来的发展方向。Significance Infrared thermography is a typical representative of non-destructive testing technologies.According to the external excitation source, infrared thermography can be roughly divided into passive thermography and active thermography two categories. Among them, passive thermography uses the difference between the temperature of the measured target and the surrounding environment to realize infrared detection of the target in the heat exchange process between the measured target and the environment, and can detect the health status of the equipment and components in operation without the need to impose an external excitation source. Unlike passive thermography, active thermography requires external excitation source to stimulate the object to be measured and generate thermal contrast, which is more suitable for defects detection. Compared to other external excitation, active thermography with laser as excitation source has been widely used in recent years because of its advantages of stable output power, uniform energy distribution and strong controllability.Progress The basic principle of laser thermography non-destructive testing and the composition of laser thermography non-destructive testing system are introduced at first. The laser thermography non-destructive testing system is generally composed of laser driver, an infrared thermal imager, an image acquisition unit, an image processing unit, and a motion control device to improve the detection efficiency. Then the laser thermography is classified from two perspectives of excitation mode and heating mode. There are three excitation modes of laser thermography, which include laser point, line and surface. While laser thermography can be divided into laser pulsed thermography, laser lock-in thermography and laser pulsed phase thermography three categories according to the heating mode. Different excitation and heating modes have their applicable application scenarios. Since laser thermography was first proposed in the 1960s by Kubiak, the main researc

关 键 词：无损检测 激光热成像 缺陷检测 红外图像处理 

分 类 号：TN219[电子电信—物理电子学]