临近空间大气风场温度场卫星遥感技术研究综述  

Review of satellite remote sensing technology for near-space atmospheric wind field and temperature field

作　　者：何微微 宿家瑞 冯玉涛[2] 王后茂 李昊天 武魁军 李发泉 HE Weiwei;SU Jiarui;FENG Yutao;WANG Houmao;LI Haotian;WU Kuijun;LI Faquan(School of Physics and Electronic Information,Yantai University,Yantai 264005,China;Xi'an Institute of Optics Precision Mechanic,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi'an 710119,China;National Space Science Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Institute of Precision Measurement Science and Technology Innovation,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430071,China)

机构地区：[1]烟台大学物理与电子信息学院,山东烟台264005 [2]中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所,陕西西安710119 [3]中国科学院国家空间科学中心,北京100190 [4]中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院,湖北武汉430071

出　　处：《红外与激光工程》2024年第7期57-77,共21页Infrared and Laser Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(62305283,41975039);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2021QD088);山东省高等学校“青创科技支持计划”项目(2021KJ008)。

摘　　要：研究临近空间的风场和温度场对大气圈层之间的动量及能量传输、大气成分的输运以及大气环流的非线性突变有重要的科学意义,然而此区域的大气风温数据稀缺是国际亟待解决的难题之一。卫星遥感技术是获取大气风温信息的重要手段,然而受工程难度的限制,目前国际上针对临近空间风温遥感的卫星载荷十分有限。首先,概述了国际上具有代表性的大气风温卫星遥感载荷的发展现状。然后,系统性地综述了针对临近空间区域的近红外、长波红外和中波红外三类典型的风温遥感技术的研究进展;包括各观测目标源的光谱特性、载荷仪器的研制进展、以及风温探测能力;并讨论了各技术方案的优劣性。最后,对多种技术方案进行了对比汇总,为后续临近空间探测技术提供了参考和启示。展望未来临近空间星载风温遥感技术的发展趋势,着眼于风温遥感载荷的空间覆盖能力、时间连续性及探测精度、同时讨论载荷研制的工程难度,为临近空间风温遥感卫星研发和应用提供有效思路。Significance Near space covers the stratosphere, mesosphere and part of the thermosphere regions of the atmosphere and is a complex transition region between the Earth's atmosphere and space. The detection of its wind and temperature fields is of great engineering and scientific significance for space weather warning and climate change modeling. By monitoring and analyzing atmospheric wind temperature information in the near space, it is possible to gain insight into the dynamical mechanisms of atmospheric circulation, atmospheric chemical processes, and the transport and transformation of various constituents. In addition, the use of atmospheric wind temperature data in the near space makes it possible to optimize satellite orbit design, predict space weather conditions, plan space mission trajectories and ensure the safe operation of satellites and space vehicles. However, due to the limitations of engineering and technical capabilities, global atmospheric wind temperature information in the near space region is very scarce, and remote sensing of atmospheric wind temperature in the near space at the global scale has become a research hotspot in the field of international atmospheric physics and space science.Progress Satellite remote sensing technology is an important means of obtaining atmospheric wind temperature information. In comparison, the development of satellite remote sensing technology for atmospheric temperature field information is more mature, while the vertical detection of the atmospheric wind field, as well as the simultaneous detection of the wind field and temperature field profile, are both difficult and hot spots in the field of satellite remote sensing in the international arena. According to different means of obtaining information,satellite remote sensing technology can be categorized into active and passive detection methods. The active detection method, represented by satellite-based LiDAR, mainly acquires wind field information in the lowaltitude region below 30 km. Passive detection,

关 键 词：临近空间 卫星遥感 风温探测 气辉辐射 

分 类 号：P412.27[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]