印度“全球南方”政策定位、实践路径及其限度  

India's"Global South"Policy Positioning,Practical Approaches,and Limits

作　　者：郑海琦 Zheng Haiqi(Party School of the Central Committee of C.P.C.(National Academy of Governance))

机构地区：[1]中共中央党校(国家行政学院)国际战略研究院

出　　处：《国际经济合作》2024年第4期55-66,93,共13页Journal of International Economic Cooperation

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“印度数字经济外交对中国的影响与启示研究”(编号:23CGJ051)。

摘　　要：近年来,印度将“全球南方”作为重点议程推进,谋求在“全球南方”的领导地位,强调“全球南方”是改革全球治理秩序、获取战略自主、建立多极世界的主要支撑,并将自身视为连接“全球南方”和西方国家的桥梁。实践层面,印度在卫生和经济领域加大对“全球南方”的援助力度,加大基础设施投资,在国际多边平台表达“全球南方”的利益诉求,完善印度与“全球南方”的合作机制。印度实施“全球南方”政策的动因包括全球治理秩序受挫加剧“全球南方”困境,对冲中国在“全球南方”的影响力,以及获取“全球南方”支持从而寻求大国地位。印度“全球南方”政策的高度摇摆性、自身能力的不足,以及与西方国家的战略联系使其难以真正代表“全球南方”,因而政策具有较大局限性。对此,中国既要巩固与其他“全球南方”国家的合作基础,维护自身发展中国家地位,也要与印度围绕“全球南方”探索更大的合作空间。In recent years,India has made the"Global South"a key agenda and sought leadership of the"Global South."India defines the"Global South"as a key lever for reforming the global governance order,obtaining strategic autonomy,and building a multipolar world.Besides,India regards itself as a bridge connecting the"Global South"and Western countries.At the practical level,India has increased health and economic assistance to the"Global South"and infrastructure investment.India has also expressed the interest demands of the"Global South"in international multilateral platforms and improved its cooperation mechanism with the"Global South."India's"Global South"policy is motivated by the frustration of the global governance order which deteriorates the dilemma of the"Global South,"India's desire to hedge China's influence in the"Global South,"and its aspiration to attain a leading power status through the support of the"Global South."India's highly wavering policy towards the"Global South,"inadequate capabilities,and deep strategic connections with the Western countries make it difficult for India to truly represent the interests of the"Global South."As a result,India's policy may be faced with considerable restrictions.In this regard,China needs to consolidate its cooperation foundation with other"Global South"countries,safeguard its status as a developing country,and explore potential cooperation with India within the framework of the"Global South."

关 键 词：印度外交 “全球南方” 全球治理 大国博弈 莫迪政府 战略自主 

分 类 号：D835.1[政治法律—政治学] F135.1[政治法律—外交学]