北极航道建设对中国的机遇、挑战及应对  

Opportunities,Challenges and Countermeasures Brought by Development of Arctic Shipping Routes to China

作　　者：王华春 李志鹏 李琛 齐冠钧 Wang Huachun;Li Zhipeng;Li Chen;Qi Guanjun(State Grid Hami Electric Power Supply Companyy;Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation)

机构地区：[1]国家电网新疆电力有限公司哈密供电公司发展策划部 [2]国家电网新疆电力有限公司哈密供电公司经济技术研究所 [3]国家电网新疆电力有限公司哈密供电公司 [4]商务部国际贸易经济合作研究院对外贸易研究所

出　　处：《国际经济合作》2024年第4期67-76,94,共11页Journal of International Economic Cooperation

摘　　要：全球气候变暖导致自然环境和生态系统变化,世界各国对蕴藏资源开发充满期待,对北极圈的关注与日俱增。从北极航道开辟贸易新航路、拓展港埠发展新经济、构建国际贸易新格局的历史机遇来看,参与北极航道建设符合中国的发展利益。然而,北极航道建设呈现大国博弈状态,乌克兰危机爆发后,美欧国家加大对俄罗斯制裁,北极理事会遭遇停摆危机,美国和俄罗斯轮番在北极发动大规模军演导致区域安全不确定性增加,诸多不利因素使中国参与北极航道建设面临重重挑战。新形势下,中国可在提高北极治理话语权、强化政策引领、加强国际合作与交流、坚持可持续发展原则、开展关于北极航道航行安全合作等方面与北极国家展开交流与合作,积极推动北极航道建设。Global warming has led to changes in the natural environment and ecosystem.Countries around the world are full of expectations for the development of potential resources and pay increasing attention to the Arctic Circle.From the historical opportunity of opening new trade routes,expanding ports to develop the new economy and building a new pattern of international trade through the Arctic shipping routes,participating in the development of the Arctic shipping routes is in line with China's development interests.However,the development of the Arctic shipping routes is a game of great powers.After the outbreak of the Ukraine crisis,the US and European countries imposed increased sanctions against Russia,and the Arctic Council faced a crisis of suspension of events.The US and Russia have alternately conducted large-scale military exercises in the Arctic,leading to increased uncertainties for regional security.These unfavorable factors have made it difficult for China to participate in the development the Arctic shipping routes.Under the current new circumstances,China can engage in exchanges and cooperation with the Arctic countries in strengthening China's voice in Arctic governance,bolstering policy leadership,enhancing international cooperation and exchanges,adhering to the principle of sustainable development,and conducting cooperation on navigation safety in the Arctic shipping routes,to actively promote the development of the Arctic shipping routes.

关 键 词：北极航道 北极战略 地缘政治 “一带一路” 

分 类 号：D822[政治法律—政治学] F551[政治法律—外交学]