不同生物质肥料消减烟草吸收土壤镉污染效果研究  

The Effects of Different Biomass Fertilizers on Reducing Soil Cadmium Pollution Absorbed by Tobacco

作　　者：周俊柔 史应仙 陈春 柏为才 普秋雄 李会华 黄晶心 孙世中[1] 宋洪川[1] ZHOU Junrou;SHI Yingxian;CHEN Chun;BAI Weicai;PU Qiuxiong;LI Huihua;HUANG Jingxin;SUN Shizhong;SONG Hongchuan(School of Energy and Environmental Sciences,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,China;Agricultural Machinery and Farmland Construction Management Station in Jiangchuan District,Yuxi 652699,China;Yuxi Chengjiang Rural Revitalization and Development Center,Yuxi 652599,China;Rural Comprehensive Service Center of Eshan County,Eshan 653200,China;Rural Environmental Protection and Energy Workstation in Xinping Yi and Dai Autonomous County,Xinping 653400,China)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学能源与环境科学学院,云南昆明650500 [2]玉溪市江川区农业机械和农田建设管理站,云南江川652699 [3]玉溪市澄江市乡村振兴发展中心,云南玉溪652599 [4]玉溪市峨山县农村综合服务中心,云南峨山653200 [5]玉溪市新平彝族傣族自治县农村环保能源工作站,云南新平653400

出　　处：《云南师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期42-49,共8页Journal of Yunnan Normal University:Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31800443);云南省基础研究专项资助项目(202301AT070077).

摘　　要：为探究不同生物质肥料消减烟草吸收土壤镉的效果及影响机制,通过盆栽试验,设置不施生物质肥料(CK)、施加烟杆秸秆(TS)、施加硅藻土(DE)、施加牡蛎壳粉(OP)和施加烟杆炭(TC)处理.结果表明:与CK相比,4种生物质肥料均影响土壤的理化性质,使土壤的pH、总磷和总氮、硝态氮含量显著升高,其中施加牡蛎壳粉和烟杆炭效果更好.且4种生物质肥料均能改善烟草的农艺性状,增加烟草株高、鲜重和叶面积.相对于CK,DE、OP和TC处理下烟草地上部镉含量、富集系数及土壤有效态镉含量均显著降低,尤其是烟杆炭处理效果最佳,分别降低了59.2%、40.8%和5.5%.此外,土壤有效镉含量与土壤pH、电导率、总磷、总氮、硝态氮、有效磷、有效钾、株高和地上部生物量呈显著负相关关系(P<0.05),与烟草镉含量呈显著正相关关系.综上所述,施加这4种生物质肥料能通过改善土壤的理化性质,促进烟草的生长,降低土壤有效镉含量,消减烟草对镉的吸收,其中烟杆炭处理效果最好.In order to explore the effects and influencing mechanisms of different biomass fertilizers on reducing soil cadmium absorption by tobacco,a pot experiment was conducted.No biomass fertilizer applied(CK),tobacco straw applied(TS),diatomaceous earth applied(DE),oyster shell powder applied(OP),and tobacco charcoal added(TC)treatments were set up.The results showed that compared with CK,all four biomass fertilizers affected the physical and chemical properties of the soil,significantly increasing the pH,total phosphorus,total nitrogen,and nitrate nitrogen content of the soil.Among them,the application of oyster shell powder and tobacco charcoal had a better effect.Moreover,all four types of biomass fertilizers can improve the agronomic traits of tobacco,and increase plant height,fresh weight,and leaf area.Compared to CK,the above ground cadmium content,enrichment coefficient,and soil available cadmium content in tobacco were significantly reduced under DE,OP,and TC treatments,especially the tobacco stem charcoal treatment,which had the best effect,with reductions of 59.2%,40.8%,and 5.5%,respectively.In addition,the available cadmium content in soil was significantly negatively correlated with soil pH,electrical conductivity,total phosphorus,total nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,plant height,and aboveground biomass(P<0.05),and significantly positively correlated with tobacco cadmium content.In summary,the application of these four types of biomass fertilizers can improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil,promote tobacco growth,reduce the effective cadmium content in the soil,and reduce the absorption of cadmium by tobacco.Among them,tobacco charcoal treatment has the best effect.

关 键 词：生物质肥料 烟草 消减 镉 

分 类 号：X86[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X173