基于IHD的光伏系统直流电弧故障检测技术研究  

Research on DC Arc Fault Detection Technology for Photovoltaic Systems Based on IHD

作　　者：张秦康 王禹森 杨景贻 ZHANG Qinkang;WANG Yusen;YANG Jingyi(School of Mechanical Electronic and Information Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)机械与电气工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《自动化应用》2024年第13期141-145,共5页Automation Application

摘　　要：串联电弧故障是导致光伏系统电气火灾的重要诱因,因此,电弧故障检测成为热点研究领域之一。现有检测方法主要是利用电弧本身的物理特征和电弧电流的时频域特征2个方面实现对电弧故障的检测,其中,基于直流电弧故障电弧的时频域特征的检测方法在分布式光伏发电系统的应用中场景复杂、组件繁多,正常的开关动作、负载突变都可能导致误判,且阈值无法随环境自适应变化,用于识别串联电弧故障的特征量普适性较差。针对该问题,提出了一种利用改进豪斯多夫维数的直流串联电弧故障检测方法,其具有普适性较强、运算量少的优点。豪斯多夫维数在分形维数理论中占重要地位,其通常用于测量具有分形特征的数据集维数。首先对电弧故障时采集的线路电流信号进行快速傅里叶变换,选取故障特征最明显的特征频段,滤波处理并归一化后作为输入,得到改进豪斯多夫维数计算结果,根据其值即可判别是否存在直流串联电弧,该方法平均准确率可达98.1%。Series arc faults are an important cause of electrical fires in photovoltaic systems,therefore arc fault detection has become one of the hot research fields.The existing detection methods mainly use the physical characteristics of the arc itself and the time-frequency domain characteristics of the arc current to detect arc faults.Among them,the detection method based on the time-frequency domain characteristics of the DC arc fault arc in the application of distributed photovoltaic power generation systems has complex scenes and numerous components.Normal switch actions and load changes may lead to misjudgment,and the threshold cannot adapt to the environment.The universality of the feature quantity used to identify series arc faults is poor.A DC series arc fault detection method using improved Hausdorff dimension is proposed to address this issue,which has the advantages of strong universality and low computational complexity.The Hausdorff dimension plays an important role in fractal dimension theory,which is commonly used to measure the dimensionality of datasets with fractal characteristics.Firstly,the line current signal collected during arc faults is subjected to fast Fourier transform.The frequency band with the most obvious fault characteristics is selected,filtered and normalized as input to obtain the improved Hausdorff dimension calculation result.Based on its value,the presence of DC series arc can be determined,and the average accuracy of this method can reach 98.1%.

关 键 词：直流串联电弧 分布式光伏发电 电弧检测 改进豪斯多夫维数 

分 类 号：TM771[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]