钠离子电池层状正极材料的相变研究进展  

Research Progress on Phase Transition of Layered Cathode Materials for Sodium-ion Batteries

作　　者：樊晓琦 童逸凡 王梦雅 李世友 FAN Xiaoqi;TONG Yifan;WANG Mengya;LI Shiyou(Gansu Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering,Lanzhou,730050,China;College of Petrochemical Technology,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou,730050,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省低碳能源化工重点实验室,甘肃兰州730050 [2]兰州理工大学石油化工学院,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《盐湖研究》2024年第4期82-90,共9页Journal of Salt Lake Research

基　　金：甘肃省重点研究开发项目(21YF5GA079);甘肃省优秀研究生“创新之星”项目(2022CXZX-424)。

摘　　要：近年来,随着锂离子电池的大规模商业化应用,锂资源储量短缺和价格上涨的问题引起了广泛关注。钠离子电池因其钠储量丰富、能量密度可观、成本低廉等优势,在未来大规模储能装置的应用中前景广阔。正极材料是影响钠离子电池性能的关键因素,其中层状氧化物正极材料因具有高比容量、高工作电压、环境友好等优点而备受青睐。然而由于其脱嵌钠过程中易发生有害的相变导致电池的循环性能欠佳,制约着钠离子电池规模化应用于储能体系。因此,文章介绍了层状氧化物正极材料的结构分类,概述了材料在钠脱嵌时发生的相变历程,揭示层状氧化物正极材料相变机理及其对电化学性能的影响,最后提出了可以抑制相变的改性策略,并对层状氧化物正极材料的应用前景进行了展望。In recent years,the scarcity and rising prices of lithium resources have drawn attention due to the large-scale commercialization of lithium-ion batteries.Sodium-ion batteries,with abundant sodium reserves,considerable energy density,and low cost,have a promising future in large-scale energy storage applications.The cathode material is a key factor affecting the performance of sodium-ion batteries,among which the layered oxide cathode materials are highly favored due to their high specific capacity,high working voltage,and environmental friendliness.However,the harmful phase transition during the sodium insertion and extraction process leads to poor cycling performance of the battery,which hinders the largescale application of sodium-ion batteries in energy storage systems.Therefore,this review introduces the structural classification of layered oxide cathode materials,outlines the phase transition process that occurs during sodium insertion and extraction,reveals the phase transition mechanism of layered oxide cathode materials and its influence on electrochemical performance,proposes modification strategies to suppress phase transitions,and finally provides a prospect for the application of layered oxide cathode materials.

关 键 词：钠离子电池 正极材料 层状氧化物 相变 改性 

分 类 号：TM911.3[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]