磁控触头旋转开断过程中直流真空电弧形态与电压特性  

The Morphology and Voltage Characteristics of DC Vacuum Arc during the Rotation and Disconnection Process of Magnetic Control Contacts

作　　者：徐鸿飞 李争博[1] 付思[1] 曹云东[1] XU Hongfei;LI Zhengbo;FU Si;CAO Yundong(Shenyang University of Technology,Key Lab of Special Electric Machine and High Voltage Apparatus,Shenyang 110870,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学特种电机与高压电器教育部重点实验室,沈阳110870

出　　处：《真空科学与技术学报》2024年第7期636-645,共10页Chinese Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51977132);辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目(LJKMZ20220513)。

摘　　要：为探索直流断路器磁控触头开断产生的真空电弧形态演变规律及其电压特性,提出了一种在触头直拉基础上附加阴极旋转运动的开断方式“旋转—直拉开断”。由于磁控触头开断电流自生磁场会影响真空电弧发展过程,文章对阴极旋转开断产生的磁场进行了仿真分析。同时搭建了可拆卸真空灭弧实验平台,对万字型横磁触头和杯状纵磁触头在不同开断方式下的真空电弧的形态演化规律以及电弧电压特性进行了对比分析研究。仿真与实验结果表明:真空电弧在旋转开断方式下受到触头磁场和旋转离心力的共同作用,燃弧时间更短、由限制型电弧向扩散态的转变更快、熄弧效率更高。“旋转—直拉开断”使得在阴极表面的亮斑运动加速,使得电弧能量逸散更快有效提高熄弧能力。In order to explore the arc shape and voltage characteristics of magnetic contact under DC breaking mode of vacuum arc,this paper proposes an additional cathode rotating motion mode on the basis of straight breaking.Since the self-generated magnetic field of the magnetic contact will affect the vacuum arc,finite element simulation software is used to analyze the magnetic field of the magnetic contact under the rotating cathode breaking mode,and a detachable vacuum arc interrupter test platform is built.The morphological evolution and voltage characteristics of vacuum arc between swastika-shaped transverse magnetic contact and cup-shaped longitudinal magnetic contact during direct and rotary breaking are compared and analyzed.The experimental results show that under the rotating breaking mode,the arc burning time of the vacuum arc is shorter due to the joint action of the contact magnetic field and the rotating centrifugal force,and the transformation of the vacuum arc from confined type to diffused state is accelerated.The rotating breaking mode accelerates the arc spot motion on the cathode surface,which makes the arc energy escape faster and improves the arc quenching ability effectively.

关 键 词：磁控触头 真空电弧 旋转开断 电弧形态 

分 类 号：TM561.3[电气工程—电器]