《愤怒的葡萄》中大萧条时期男性气质的危机与重构  

Crisis and construction of masculinities in the era of the Great Depression in Steinbeck’s The Grapes of Wrath

作　　者：王婷婷 张奇才 WANG Tingting;ZHANG Qicai(School of Foreign Languages,Huainan Normal University,Huainan 232038,Anhui,China;School of Foreign Languages,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,Jiangsu,China;School of Foreign Languages,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]淮南师范学院外国语学院,安徽淮南232038 [2]南京大学外国语学院,江苏南京210023 [3]安徽理工大学外国语学院,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《河南理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第4期57-64,共8页Journal of Henan Polytechnic University:Social Sciences

基　　金：安徽省哲学社会科学规划一般项目(AHSKY2020D129);安徽省省级质量工程项目(2020szsfkc0333);淮南师范学院年度科学研究项目(2019XJYB57)。

摘　　要：在反映大萧条时期美国社会的文学作品中,性别关系和男性气质问题尚未得到学界的足够重视。本文结合美国大萧条时期特定的历史背景,研究斯坦贝克的小说《愤怒的葡萄》中反映的性别关系和男性气质。在小说中,男女性别关系发生了变化,母权在崛起,父权受到威胁,这种变化造成了男性气质的危机。小说在同情、抚慰着处于男性气质危机的男性的同时,要求男性采取诸如禁欲和尊重女性的策略来重构男性气质。此外,小说也建构了一种新的男性气质的类型,即“自造工匠”,它融合了“自造男人”和“勇武工匠”的双重特点。这种新型的男性气质要求男性不断学习,以服务社区和社会。小说中男性气质的危机与重构呼应了大萧条的历史背景,体现了作家对文学作品与现实二者互动关系的思考。Inadequate importance has been attached to gender issues and masculinities in works portraying American society in the Great Depression.Against the backdrop of the political and historical framework of the Great Depression,this paper attempts to explore gender relations and masculinities in John Steinbeck’s The Grapes of Wrath.In this novel,the gender relations undergo changes,with the matriarch gaining prominence and the patriarch under threat,which results in the masculinity crisis.Emphasizing and comforting the men whose masculinities are in crisis,the novel implicitly calls on the men to resort to sexual abstinence and respect of women.Moreover,the novel constructs a new ideal type of masculinity,namely self-made artisan,who combines the merits of self-made man and heroic artisan.This new type of masculinity involves men’s continuous learning for the service to communities and the society.The crisis and reconstruction of masculinities in the novel corresponds closely with the historical background of the Great Depression,revealing the writer’s reflection on the interaction between masculinities and history,and literature and reality at large.

关 键 词：愤怒的葡萄 性别关系 男性气质 

分 类 号：I106.4[文学—世界文学]