政府属研究机构科技资源配置效率的测度与提升路径——基于三阶段数据包络分析(DEA)的研究  

Measurement and Improvement Path of Scientific and Technological Resource Allocation Efficiency of Government-Affiliated Research Institutions:Study Based on a Three-Stage DEA

作　　者：李锐媛 王灿友 刘炜 Li Ruiyuan;Wang Canyou;Liu Wei(School of Humanities,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710064,China;College of Economics and Management,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学人文学院,陕西西安710064 [2]西北农林科技大学经济管理学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《科技管理研究》2024年第14期116-124,共9页Science and Technology Management Research

基　　金：陕西省科技发展计划项目“陕西政府属研究机构科技资源配置效率测度、影响因素及提升路径研究”(2023-CX-RKX-191);中央高校基本科研业务费专项经费项目“基于当代公共政策时间的政策扩散与创新研究”(300102113501);“双链融合视角下创新生态系统构建与治理研究”(300102113401)。

摘　　要：政府属研究机构是强化国家科技战略的重要载体,明晰其科技资源配置效率的影响因素及路径选择可有效提升其科技资源配置效率,有效支撑国家科技创新发展,但目前关于由多种因素联合触发其高(非高)科技资源配置效率的内在运作机制仍不清晰,同时已有相关研究所采用的方法受决策单元所处外部环境及随机扰动因素影响较大,无法反映决策单元真实效率水平。为此,考虑采取三阶段数据包络分析(DEA)与模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)相结合的方法,并采取组态视角进一步拓展现有相关研究。根据国家有关统计年鉴和区域科技创新评价报告,基于三阶段DEA模型构建包括投入指标、产出指标和环境指标的政府属研究机构科技资源配置效率测度指标体系,并基于fs QCA方法选取影响政府属研究机构科技资源配置效率的6类因素,对中国31个省份的政府属研究机构科技资源配置效率进行测度分析,探讨构成解释高水平和非高水平科技资源配置效率的必要条件。结果发现:政府属研究机构的科技资源配置效率受环境影响,剔除环境因素后西部地区机构的科技资源配置效率下降明显,表明环境因素对西部地区政府属研究机构产生的影响远远大于东部地区;科技资源配置效率是多个条件复杂作用的结果,高水平配置效率的驱动路径有3种,包括人才-环境并驱发展型、配置规模驱动型、基础研究导向型,且三者存在一定的共性,而非高水平配置效率的驱动路径中,除缺乏必要的环境条件支持外,过高的政府资金投入反而是制约科技资源配置效率提升的关键。因此,处于科技资源配置效率较低地区的政府属研究机构不能过度依赖政府财政资金,要不断增加自身的产学研合作深度和广度;同时各地应因地制宜,建立适合本地区政府属研究机构的科技资源配置体系。Government-affiliated research institutions are important carriers to strengthen the national science and technology strategy,and clarifying the influencing factors and path selection of their science and technology resource allocation efficiency can effectively improve the efficiency of their science and technology resource allocation,effectively support the development of national science and technology innovation.However,it is still not clear about the internal operation mechanism of high(non-high)technology resource allocation efficiency triggered by multiple factors.Meanwhile,the methods adopted by relevant research institutes are greatly affected by the external environment and random disturbance factors of the decision-making unit,which cannot reflect the true efficiency level of the decision-making unit.Therefore,the three-stage data envelope analysis(DEA)and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis method(fsQCA)are considered,and the configuration analysis perspective is adopted to further expand the existing relevant research.According to the relevant national statistical yearbook and regional science and technology innovation evaluation report,this paper constructs the index system of measuring the efficiency of scientific and technological resource allocation of government-affiliated research institutions including input index,output index,and environmental index based on the three-stage DEA model,also selects six factors that affect the efficiency of scientific and technological resource allocation of government-affiliated research institutions with the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA)method,measures the efficiency of scientific and technological resource allocation of government-affiliated research institutions in 31 provinces of China,and discusses the necessary conditions for explaining the efficiency of high and non-high scientific and technological resource allocation.The study finds that the efficiency of scientific and technological resources allocation of government-affilia

关 键 词：政府属研究机构 科技资源 资源配置 配置效率 效率测度 包络分析-模糊集定性比较分析 组态分析 

分 类 号：G322[文化科学] F124.3[经济管理—世界经济] F224.2G301