分家析产纠纷中习惯法的司法适用——基于625份裁判文书的研究  

Judicial Application of Customary Law in Household Division Disputes:An Empirical Study Based on 625 Adjudication Documents

作　　者：潘香军 PAN Xiangjun(School of Law,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学法学院,北京100084

出　　处：《华南理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第4期87-99,共13页Journal of South China University of Technology(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：习惯法运用于司法中能够弥补制定法的空白,有助于实现法律效果和社会效果的统一。对625份分家析产案件裁判文书的分析显示,习惯法的司法适用空间广阔,同时,存在以法官主动适用习惯法为主、认可当事人的援引为辅、当事人对习惯法的援引率不高、以间接性适用和模糊性适用为主等特征。其根源在于习惯法自身的特性、适用主体的差异性以及适用程序的薄弱性。对此,在适用前提上,应强化习惯法在民事审判中的法源地位,整合习惯法与国家制定法的规定;在适用技术上,应确立习惯法司法适用的识别标准,完善习惯法司法适用的解释,加强裁判文书的说理,细化适用的程序规则;在适用保障上,应健全考核激励机制,完善司法责任制,优化诉前调解机制,共促习惯法在分家析产案件中的规范适用。The application of customary law in the judiciary can fill the gaps in the enactment of statute law and achieve both the legal and social effects.An analysis of 625 adjudication documents on household division disputes illustrates that customary law has a wide application.Meanwhile,judges mainly implement customary law on their own initiative and recognized litigants' invocation as a supplementary source,with an indirect and ambiguous application pattern.The roots lie in the characteristics of customary law itself,the differences in the subjects of application and the weakness of the procedures.Therefore,on the premise of application,customary law should be strengthened in the civil trial of the status of the source of law,and integrated with the provisions of national law.On the techniques of application,it is conducive to establish the identification criteria and improve the interpretation of customary law,enhance the reasoning of the judgement,as well as refine the procedural rules of adjudication.On the guarantees of application,the evaluation and incentive methods,the judicial accountability system and pre-litigation mediation mechanism should be optimized to jointly promote the enforcement of customary law in household division cases.

关 键 词：习惯法 司法适用 分家析产 实证研究 

分 类 号：D901[政治法律—法学理论]