奥氏体不锈钢全奥氏体组织熔敷金属中Ni含量对力学性能影响  

The Impact of nickel content in the molten metal of austenitic stainless steel withfull austenitic structure on mechanical properties

作　　者：郭旭超 张学刚 王猛 王精硕 白佩奇 Guo Xuchao;Zhang Xuegang;Wang Meng;Wang Jingshuo;Bai Peiqi(Harbin Welding Institute Limited Company,Harbin 150028,China;Harbin Well Welding Co.,Ltd.,Harbin 150060,China)

机构地区：[1]中国机械总院集团哈尔滨焊接研究所有限公司,哈尔滨150028 [2]哈尔滨威尔焊接有限责任公司,哈尔滨150060

出　　处：《机械制造文摘（焊接分册）》2024年第3期23-27,共5页Welding Digest of Machinery Manufacturing

摘　　要：为了研究Ni含量对全奥氏体组织熔敷金属力学性能的影响,采用铬当量相近、Ni质量分数不同的6种E316LMn-15焊条,通过控制其它化学成分,避免金属间化合物的形成并减弱了热裂倾向。分别对SMAW施焊后熔敷金属进行光学金相组织观察、铁素体测量、室温拉伸试验和-196℃冲击试验。结果表明,熔敷金属均为以奥氏体模式凝固的全奥氏体组织,具有良好的室温拉伸性能,抗拉强度均在520 MPa以上,屈服强度均超过380 MPa,断后伸长率也都在35%以上;同时熔敷金属均具有较高的低温韧性,-196℃平均冲击吸收能量均超过60 J。Ni的质量分数在15.58%~16.04%范围内,-196℃平均冲击吸收能量提升幅度大于Ni质量分数在16.04%以上的熔敷金属,且Ni质量分数在16.27%以上的熔敷金属低温冲击吸收能量趋于稳定,Ni质量分数为16.85%的试样-196℃平均冲击吸收能量高达90.4 J。To investigate the impact of Ni content on the mechanical properties of molten metal with a fully austenitic structure,six types of E316LMn-15 electrodes with comparable chromium equivalents but varying Ni mass fractions were employed.This approach aimed to prevent the formation of intermetallic compounds and reduce the susceptibility to hot cracking by regulating the other chemical compositions.Optical metallographic observations,ferrite measurements,and room temperature tensile and-196℃impact tests were performed on the molten metals after Shielded Metal Arc Welding(SMAW),respectively.The results show that the molten metal solidifies in the austenite mode with a full austenite structure.The molten metal exhibits excellent tensile properties at room temperature.The tensile strength is more than 520 MPa,the yield strength is more than 380 MPa,and the elongation at break is more than 35%.Additionally,the molten metal demonstrates high toughness at low temperatures;at-196℃,the average impact energy absorbed is more than 60 J.Ni content in the range of 15.58%~16.04%,-196℃impact absorption energy enhancement is greater than the Ni content of 16.04%above the molten metals,and Ni content of 16.27%above the molten metals at low temperatures tends to stabilize the impact absorption energy,Ni content of 16.85%of the specimen-196℃average impact absorption energy up to 90.4 J.

关 键 词：奥氏体不锈钢 Ni含量 室温拉伸 低温韧性 

分 类 号：TG422.1[金属学及工艺—焊接]