应急情境下管制员情境意识可靠性研究  

Study on air traffic controllers'situational awareness reliability in emergency scenarios

作　　者：王燕青[1] 吴思雨 杨可月 WANG Yanqing;WU Siyu;YANG Keyue(School of Safety Science and Engineering,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China;Yuanxiang(Xiamen)International Airport Co.,Ltd.,Xiamen Fujian 361006,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学安全科学与工程学院,天津300300 [2]元翔(厦门)国际航空港股份有限公司,福建厦门361006

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2024年第6期207-215,共9页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金资助(23YJA190010);中央高校基本科研业务费资助(3122022084);中国民航大学研究生科研创新项目(2022YJS008)。

摘　　要：为提升管制员的应急处置能力,从管制员的个人能力、管制任务特点和管制设备3个方面构建管制员情境意识(SA)可靠性模型;利用塔台管制模拟软件和SA全面评价技术(SAGAT)测量管制员在应急情境下的SA水平;基于贝叶斯网络(BN)对SA可靠性进行定量分析,进而预测管制员的SA水平,并基于贝叶斯推理分析影响管制员SA可靠性的关键因素。研究结果表明:应急情境下,管制员SA可靠性和SA水平显著正相关,可通过管制员的SA可靠性预测SA水平;通过BN推理分析发现,对管制员的SA可靠性影响程度和敏感程度较高的因素为调配飞机可用时间、管制设备的精准度和管制员的记忆力;对管制员SA可靠性影响最大的致因链为调配飞机可用时间→任务特点→SA可靠性。In order to improve air traffic controllers'emergency response ability,a reliability model of air traffic controllers'SA was constructed from three aspects:air traffic controllers'personal ability,air traffic control task characteristics and air traffic control equipment.Tower control simulation software and SA Global Assessment Technique(SAGAT)were used to measure the air traffic controllers'SA level in emergency situations.Based on BN,SA reliability was quantitatively analyzed to predict air traffic controllers'level of SA,and based on Bayesian inference,the key factors affecting the reliability of air traffic controllers'SA were analyzed.The results show that the reliability of SA of air traffic controllers is positively correlated with the level of SA in emergency scenarios,and the SA level can be predicted by air traffic controllers'SA reliability.The BN inference analysis reveals that the factors with a higher degree of influence and sensitivity to the reliability of controllers'SA were the deployment of aircraft availability time,the accuracy of the control equipment and the controller's memory.The causal chain that has the greatest impact on the air traffic controllers'SA reliability is the deployment of aircraft availability time→mission characteristics→SA reliability.

关 键 词：应急情境 管制员 情境意识(SA) 可靠性 贝叶斯网络(BN) 

分 类 号：X949[环境科学与工程—安全科学]