基于励磁机定子直轴电流定点采样的航空多级式起动/发电机低速段转子位置估算方法  

Rotor Position Estimation Method of Aviation Multi-stage Starter/Generator Based on Fixed-point Sampling of Exciter’s Direct-axis Current in Low-speed Region

作　　者：张小科 焦宁飞[1] 毛帅[1] 刘卫国[1] 高昕 樊昱琨 ZHANG Xiaoke;JIAO Ningfei;MAO Shuai;LIU Weiguo;GAO Xin;FAN Yukun(School of Automation,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,Shaanxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学自动化学院,陕西省西安市710072

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2024年第15期6169-6180,I0028,共13页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U20A20309,52177058,52107053)。

摘　　要：航空多级式起动/发电机起动时,需要准确的主电机转子位置,而位置传感器受体积、重量等制约,需要开展转子位置估算研究。该文基于多级式电机结构特征,通过分析转子位置在主励磁机定子电流中的表征,提出一种基于两相励磁机定子直轴电流定点采样的低速段转子位置估算方法。该方法在起动时分三步实施:首先,实时采集主励磁机定子两相电流,并变换到定子磁场同步旋转dq坐标系;其次,对直轴电流定点采样,提取包含转子位置信息的正余弦信号,通过锁相环获得主励磁机转子位置增量;然后,结合主电机与主励磁机同轴安装特征及主电机初始位置,获取主电机实时转子位置,并实现低速段无位置传感器起动。该方法无需高频信号注入和滤波器,不依赖主电机凸极性且锁相环鲁棒性强。最后,实验验证了所提方法的有效性和较高的估算精度。During the starting process of an aviation multi-stage starter/generator,accurate rotor position of the main machine(MM)is required,while the position sensors are constrained by volume,weight and etc.,and thus the research on rotor position estimation is required.In this paper,based on the structure of multi-stage machine,and by analyzing the characterization of rotor position in the stator current of the main exciter(ME),a rotor position estimation method“based on the fixed-point sampling of the direct-axis current of the two-phase exciter stator”is proposed.The method is implemented by three steps during starting process:first,real-time sampling of exciter’s two-phase stator current is carried out,and it is transformed to the synchronous rotation dq coordinate system of the stator magnetic field;Secondly,the direct-axis current is sampled at a fixed-point to extract the sine and cosine signals,where rotor position information is contained,and the rotor position increment of ME is obtained by a phase-locked loop.Finally,combining coaxial installation characteristics of the MM and ME with the initial rotor position of MM,real-time rotor position of MM is obtained to realize sensorless starting in the low speed range.This method does not require high-frequency signal injection and filters,and reliance on MM’s saliency is also avoided.At the same time,robustness of the phase-locked loop is strong.Experiments verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method and its high accuracy.

关 键 词：航空多级式起动/发电机 两相励磁机 定点采样 转子位置估算 

分 类 号：V23[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]