二甲酸钾对肉仔鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、养分表观代谢率和肠道环境的影响  

Effects of Potassium Diformate on Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance,Nutrient Apparent Metabolism Rate and Intestinal Environment of Broiler Chickens

作　　者：陈星 郑爱娟[1] 陈志敏[1] 王泽栋 韩云胜 刘魏魏 蔡红英 刘国华[1] CHEN Xing;ZHENG Aijuan;CHEN Zhimin;WANG Zedong;HAN Yunsheng;LIU Weiwei;CAI Hongying;LIU Guohua(Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Risk Assessment Laboratory of Animal Product Quality Safety Feed Source Factors of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Feed Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院饲料研究所,农业农村部动物产品质量安全饲料源性因子风险评估实验室,农业农村部饲料生物技术重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第7期4293-4303,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1301602);中国农业科学院科技创新工程重大科研任务(CAAS-ASTIP-2023-IFR-11)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究二甲酸钾(KDF)对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、养分表观代谢率和肠道环境的影响。选取1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡180只,随机分为3组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中分别添加1(KDF-1组)和2 g/kg(KDF-2组)的KDF。试验期42 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,KDF-1组和KDF-2组在1~21日龄的平均日采食量(ADFI)和料重比(F/G)显著降低(P<0.05);各组肉鸡在22~42日龄的平均日增重(ADG)显著提高(P<0.05),F/G显著降低(P<0.05);KDF-1组和KDF-2组1~42日龄肉鸡的ADFI和F/G显著降低(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,KDF-1组和KDF-2组肉鸡的腿肌率显著提高(P<0.05)。KDF-2组的半净膛率和全净膛率显著高于对照组和KDF-1组(P<0.05)。3)KDF-2组肉鸡干物质、能量和粗蛋白质表观代谢率显著高于对照组和KDF-1组(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,KDF-1组和KDF-2组空肠的绒毛高度和绒隐比显著提高(P<0.05),其中KDF-2组显著高于KDF-1组(P<0.05)。KDF-1组和KDF-2组回肠的绒毛高度和绒隐比显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。5)KDF-1组和KDF-2组十二指肠脂肪酶、淀粉酶和胰蛋白酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),其中KDF-2组的淀粉酶和胰蛋白酶活性显著高于KDF-1组(P<0.05)。KDF-2组空肠脂肪酶、淀粉酶和胰蛋白酶活性显著高于对照组和KDF-1组(P<0.05),而KDF-1组空肠脂肪酶和胰蛋白酶活性高于对照组(P<0.05)。KDF-1组和KDF-2组回肠脂肪酶、淀粉酶和胰蛋白酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且KDF-2组回肠脂肪酶和胰蛋白酶活性显著高于KDF-1组(P<0.05)。6)与对照组相比,KDF-1组和KDF-2组回肠细菌总数、大肠杆菌数量、乳酸杆菌数量、双歧杆菌数量和芽孢杆菌数量显著降低(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加2 g/kg的KDF可以提高肉鸡的生长性能,改善肠道形态和维持肠道健康。The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of potassium diformate(KDF)on growth performance,slaughter performance,nutrient apparent metabolism rate and intestinal environment of broiler chickens.A total of 180 one-day-old AA broiler chickens were selected and randomly divided into three groups,with six replicates per group and 10 chickens per replicate.The control group was fed a basic diet,while the experimental groups was supplemented with 1(KDF-1 group)and 2 g/kg(KDF-2 group)KDF in the basic diet,respectively.The experimental period was 42 days.The results showed as follows:1)the average daily feed intake(ADFI)and feed to gain(F/G)in the KDF-1 and KDF-2 groups at 1 to 21 days of age were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05);the average daily gain(ADG)of broiler chickens in each group significantly increased(P<0.05),and F/G significantly decreased(P<0.05)at 22 to 42 days of age;the ADFI and F/G of broiler chickens at 1 to 42 days of age in the KDF-1 and KDF-2 groups significantly reduced(P<0.05).2)Compared with the control group,the leg muscle rate of broiler chickens in the KDF-1 and KDF-2 groups significantly increased(P<0.05).The semi-eviscerated weight rate and eviscerated carcass weight rate in the KDF-2 group were significantly higher than those in the control group and KDF-1 group(P<0.05).3)The nutrient apparent metabolic rates of dry matter,total energy,and crude protein in the KDF-2 group were significantly higher than those in the control group and KDF-1 group(P<0.05).4)Compared with the control group,the villus height and villus to crypt ratio of the jejunum in the KDF-1 and KDF-2 groups significantly increased(P<0.05),with the KDF-2 group being higher than the KDF-1 group(P<0.05).The villus height and villus to crypt ratio of the ileum in the KDF-1 and KDF-2 groups were significantly higher than those in the CON group(P<0.05).5)The activities of lipase,amylase,and trypsin in the duodenum in the KDF-1 and KDF-2 groups were significantly higher than those in the c

关 键 词：二甲酸钾 肉鸡 生长性能 肠道消化酶活性 回肠菌群数量 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]