不同放养密度对雪峰乌骨鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、血清生化和免疫指标的影响  

Effects of Stocking Density on Growth Performance, Slaughter Performance,Serum Biochemical and Immune Indexes of Xuefeng Black Bone Chickens

作　　者：王俣博 谢静 姚亚铃 曲湘勇[1] 郭松长[1] 李梅春 刘加兴 刘志铁 贺长青[1] WANG Yubo;XIE Jing;YAO Yaling;QU Xiangyong;GUO Songchang;LI Meichun;LIU Jiaxing;LIU Zhitie;HE Changqing(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Animal Husbandry and Aquatic Products Bureau of Huaihua City,Huaihua 418200,China;Hunan Hongjiang Yunfeifeng Agriculture Co.,Ltd.,Huaihua 418200,China;Hunan Bofu Circular Agricultural Co.,Ltd.,Yueyang 414500,China;Hunan Wenmeizi Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Ecological Park Co.,Ltd.,Hengyang 421001,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院,长沙410128 [2]湖南省怀化市畜牧水产事务中心,怀化418200 [3]湖南云飞风农业有限公司,怀化418200 [4]湖南博富循环农业有限公司,岳阳414500 [5]湖南文妹子现代农业科技生态园有限公司,衡阳421001

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第7期4329-4338,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：乌骨鸡林下无抗养殖技术研发及示范项目;湖南省科技厅创新平台与人才计划项目(2022NK4156)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究不同放养密度对雪峰乌骨鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、血清生化以及免疫指标的影响。选用健康的35日龄、体重一致的脱温雪峰乌骨鸡母鸡苗1620只,随机分为3个放养密度组,分别为低密度组(LSD组,60只/667 m^(2))、中密度组(MSD组,120只/667 m^(2))和高密度组(HSD组,180只/667 m^(2)),每组6个重复(林地面积500 m^(2)),LSD组每个重复45只,MSD组每个重复90只,HSD组每个重复135只。预试期7 d,正试期78 d。结果显示:1)LSD组雪峰乌骨鸡的平均日增重和料重比显著高于MSD组和HSD组(P<0.05)。2)LSD组宰前活重和屠体重均显著高于MSD组和HSD组(P<0.05)。3)LSD组血清中谷草转氨酶活性显著低于HSD组(P<0.05),LSD组和MSD组血清中碱性磷酸酶活性显著高于HSD组(P<0.05);LSD组血清中甘油三酯含量显著高于HSD组(P<0.05);HSD组血清中超氧化物歧化酶活性显著低于LSD组和MSD组(P<0.05)。4)HSD组血清中免疫球蛋白G、免疫球蛋白M、白细胞介素-2、白细胞介素-6和肿瘤坏死因子-α含量显著高于LSD组和MSD组(P<0.05),MSD组血清中免疫球蛋白A含量显著高于LSD组和HSD组(P<0.05)。由此可见,放养密度为60只/667 m^(2)时能有效提高雪峰乌骨鸡的生长性能,同时保证有较好的屠宰性能、抗氧化能力及免疫力。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of stocking density on growth performance,slaughter performance,serum biochemical and immune indexes of Xuefeng black bone chickens.A total of 1620 healthy 35-day-old Xuefeng black bone chickens were randomly assigned into 3 groups,low stocking density group(LSD group,60 birds/667 m^(2)),medium stocking density group(MSD group,120 birds/667 m^(2))and high stocking density group(HSD group,180 birds/667 m^(2)).The pre-trial period lasted for 7 days and the experimental period lasted for 78 days.The results showed as follows:1)the average daily weight gain and feed/gain of Xuefeng black bone chickens in the LSD group were significantly higher than those in the MSD and HSD groups(P<0.05).2)Live weight before slaughter,dressings weight in the LSD group were significantly higher than those in the MSD and HSD groups(P<0.05).3)In serum,aspartate aminotransferase activity in the LSD group was significantly lower than that in the HSD groups(P<0.05),alkaline phosphatase activity in the LSD and MSD groups was significantly higher than that in the HSD group(P<0.05);triglyceride content in the LSD group was significantly higher than that in the HSD group(P<0.05);superoxide dismutase activity in the HSD group was significantly lower than that in the LSD and MSD groups(P<0.05).4)In serum,the contents of immunoglobulin G,immunoglobulin M,interleukin-2,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-αin the HSD group were significantly higher than those in the LSD and MSD groups(P<0.05),and the content of immunoglobulin A in the MSD group was significantly higher than that in the LSD and HSD groups(P<0.05).In conclusion,the stocking density of 60 birds/667 m^(2) can effectively improve the growth performance of Xuefeng black bone chickens,and at the same time ensure better slaughter performance,antioxidant capacity and immunity.

关 键 词：雪峰乌骨鸡 放养密度 生长性能 屠宰性能 血清指标 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]