不同脂肪源饲料对锦鲤生长性能、肌肉脂肪酸组成、血清生化指标、肠道消化酶活性、肠道菌群组成及脂质代谢影响  

Effects of Diets with Different Lipid Sources on Growth Performance,Muscle Fatty Acid Composition,Serum Biochemical Indices,Intestinal Digestive Enzyme Activities,Intestinal Flora Composition and Lipid Metabolism of Koi Carp(Cyprinus carpio L.)

作　　者：方珍珍 任顺 孙学亮 石洪玥 赵鸿昊 杨圆圆 陈成勋 FANG Zhenzhen;REN Shun;SUN Xueliang;SHI Hongyue;ZHAO Honghao;YANG Yuanyuan;CHEN Chengxun(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture,College of Fisheries,Tianjin Agriculture University,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院水产学院,天津市水产生态及养殖重点实验室,天津300384

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第7期4562-4575,共14页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：天津市宝坻区农业科技计划项目(202006);天津市淡水养殖产业技术体系创新团队建设项目(ITTFRS2021000);甘肃省科技计划项目(22CX8NE208)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究不同脂肪源饲料对锦鲤生长性能、肌肉脂肪酸组成、血清生化指标、肠道消化酶活性、肠道菌群组成及脂质代谢影响。选取平均体重为(27.65±0.37)g的锦鲤450尾,随机分成5组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾。各组分别饲喂在基础饲料中分别添加鱼油(FO组)、豆油(SO组)、黑水虻油(BO组)、黄粉虫油(TO组)、蝇蛆油(MO组)作为单一脂肪源配制成的等氮等脂试验饲料。试验期8周。结果表明:1)各组之间存活率、增重率、饲料系数、肥满度、肝体比及脏体比均无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)MO组的肌肉饱和脂肪酸和单不饱和脂肪酸含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),FO组的肌肉多不饱和脂肪酸、二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。3)FO和BO组的前肠蛋白酶活性显著高于SO和TO组(P<0.05),FO组的中肠蛋白酶活性显著高于SO、TO和MO组(P<0.05)。BO组的前肠脂肪酶活性显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),FO组的中肠脂肪酶活性显著高于TO和MO组(P<0.05),MO组的后肠脂肪酶活性显著高于FO、SO和TO组(P<0.05)。BO组的前肠淀粉酶活性显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),BO组的中肠淀粉酶活性显著高于SO和FO组(P<0.05)。4)TO组的血清白蛋白含量显著高于FO和BO组(P<0.05),FO、SO和MO组的血清甘油三酯含量显著高于BO和TO组(P<0.05),TO组的血清总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),TO和MO组的血清溶菌酶含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。5)SO和BO组的Shannon指数、Chao1指数和Ace指数显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),Simpson指数显著低于其他各组(P<0.05)。FO、BO和MO组肠道菌群组成和丰富度相似。6)FO组的肝脏脂肪合成酶(FAS)和脂蛋白酯酶(LPL)活性显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。FO和MO组的肝脏FAS mRNA相对表达量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),MO组的肝脏LPL mRNA相对表达量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲料中添加虫油This experiment was conducted to study the effects of diets with different lipid sources on growth performance,muscle fatty acid composition,serum biochemical indices,intestinal digestive enzyme activities,intestinal flora composition and lipid metabolism of koi carp(Cyprinus carpio L.).A total of 450 health koi carp with average body weight of(27.65±0.37)g were randomly divided into 5 groups with 3 replicates per group and 30 fish per replicate.Fish in 5 groups were fed isonitrogenous and isolipid experimental diets which prepare with fish oil(FO group),soybean oil(SO group),black soldier larvae oil(BO group),Tenebrio molitor oil(TO group)and maggot oil(MO group)as a single fat source in the basal diet,respectively.The experiment lasted for 8 weeks.The results showed as follows:1)there were no significant differences in survival rate,weight gain rate,feed conversion ratio,condition factor,hepatosomatic index and viscerosomatic index among all groups(P>0.05).2)The contents of saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids in muscle of MO group were significantly higher than those of other groups(P<0.05),and the contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids,eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in muscle of FO group were significantly higher than those of other groups(P<0.05).3)The foregut protease activity of FO and BO groups was significantly higher than that of SO and TO groups(P<0.05),and the midgut activity of FO group was significantly higher than that of SO,TO and MO groups(P<0.05).The foregut lipase activity of BO group was significantly higher than that of other groups(P<0.05),the midgut lipase activity of FO group was significantly higher than that of TO and MO groups(P<0.05),and the hindgut lipase activity of MO group was significantly higher than that of FO,SO and TO groups(P<0.05).The foregut amylase activity of BO group was significantly higher than that of other groups(P<0.05),and the midgut amylase activity of BO group was significantly higher than that of SO and FO groups(P<0.05).4)The

关 键 词：锦鲤 脂肪源 生长性能 肠道菌群 基因表达 

分 类 号：S963.1[农业科学—水产养殖]