造血干细胞移植后患儿预防接种的真实世界研究  

A real world study of vaccination in children after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

作　　者：陈璐曦 安曦洲 孟岩[1] 张璐颖[1] 窦颖[1] CHEN Luxi;AN Xizhou;MENG Yan;ZHANG Luying;DOU Ying(Department of Hematology and Oncology,Children′s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,National Child Health and Disease Clinical Medical Research Center,Key Laboratory of Child Development Disease Research,Ministry of Education,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Infection and Immunization,Chongqing 400014,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属儿童医院血液肿瘤科,国家儿童健康与疾病临床医学研究中心,儿童发育疾病研究教育部重点实验室,儿童感染免疫重庆市重点实验室,重庆400014

出　　处：《中国小儿血液与肿瘤杂志》2024年第3期204-208,223,共6页Journal of China Pediatric Blood and Cancer

摘　　要：目的 了解造血干细胞移植(HSCT)后患儿预防接种的现状及家长对疫苗接种的认知度和担忧,为HSCT后患儿疫苗接种管理方案的改进提供参考。方法 对接受HSCT后存活,且已停用免疫抑制剂的患儿进行问卷调查,对患儿一般情况、HSCT类型及治疗情况、疫苗接种现状、家长对疫苗接种的认知程度进行统计分析。结果 收集有效问卷152份,男109例(71.71%),女43例(28.29%);原发疾病占比最大的为原发性免疫缺陷病(50.66%,77/152),平均移植时间(30.03±2.74)(5~105)个月。41例(26.97%)患儿接种过疫苗,中位接种时间29个月,41例(26.97%)均接种过灭活疫苗,18例(11.84%)接种过减毒活疫苗;14例(9.21%)接种过新冠疫苗。移植后未接种疫苗患儿的原因主要是对疫苗接种认知不够。结论 移植时间是影响HSCT后患儿预防接种的唯一因素,在以后的临床工作中,提高HSCT后患儿及家属对疫苗接种的认识,有助于提高疫苗接种率。Objective To understand the current situation of vaccination in children after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and the parents′ awareness and concerns about vaccination,so as to provide reference for improving the vaccination management of children after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.Methods The children who survived after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and had stopped using immunosuppressants were investigated with questionnaire.The general situation of the children,the type and treatment of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,the status of vaccination,and the parents′ awareness of vaccination were analyzed with statistics.Results A total of 152 valid questionnaires were collected,including 109 males(71.71%) and 43 females(28.29%).Primary immunodeficiency disease accounted for the largest proportion of primary diseases(50.66%,77/152),and the average transplantation time was(30.03 ± 2.74) months(5-105),41 cases(26.97%) had been vaccinated,the median vaccination time was 29 months,41 cases(26.97%) had been vaccinated with inactivated vaccine,and 18 cases(11.84%) had been vaccinated with live attenuated vaccine.14 cases(9.21%) had been vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccine.The main reason for children who were not vaccinated after transplantation was that they did not know enough about vaccination.Conclusions Transplantation time is the only factor affecting the vaccination of children after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.In the future clinical work,improving the awareness of children and their families on vaccination after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is helpful to improve the vaccination rate.

关 键 词：造血干细胞移植 疫苗接种 儿童 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学] R457.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]