体内ω-6 PUFAs与ω-3 PUFAs比例是影响ω-3 PUFAs发挥健康效应的重要因素  

The endogenousω-6/ω-3 ratio:an important factor influencing the health effects ofω-3 PUFAs

作　　者：邹博 康景轩 王斌 Zou Bo;Kang Jinguan;Wang Bin(Department of Nutrition,Shenchen Longgang Central Hospital,Shenzhen 518116,Guangdong China;Laboratory for Lipid Medicine and Tecunology,Department of Medicine,Massachuselts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School,Boston,MA 02129,USA)

机构地区：[1]深圳市龙岗中心医院临床营养科,广东深圳518116 [2]哈佛医学院麻省总医院脂类医学研究中心,波士顿02129

出　　处：《肿瘤代谢与营养电子杂志》2024年第3期300-307,共8页Electronic Journal of Metabolism and Nutrition of Cancer

基　　金：深圳市科创委基础研究面上项目(JCYJ20230807114500001)。

摘　　要：ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)是人类重要的结构营养素和功能营养素,大量基础实验与人群研究已阐明其降脂、抗炎、防治心脑血管疾病、改善肿瘤微环境等作用。然而,随着ω-3 PUFAs人群干预试验的逐渐增多,部分研究并未发现该类显著效应。这种结果的不一致性阻碍了ω-3 PUFAs在更多医学指南中的应用,也限制了ω-3 PUFAs在临床诊疗和慢病管理中的推广。ω-6 PUFAs是另一类重要的多不饱和脂肪酸,但随着膳食结构的变迁,全球普遍存在ω-6 PUFAs摄入超标和ω-3 PUFAs摄入不足,进而导致体内ω-6与ω-3比例显著上升的问题。ω-6 PUFAs在体内与ω-3 PUFAs存在细胞膜结构占位竞争及代谢竞争的关系,高ω-6/ω-3比例可能会阻碍ω-3 PUFAs发挥其健康效应,并与众多慢病的发生、发展密切相关。本综述通过分析ω-3和ω-6 PUFAs在体内的交互作用及ω-6/ω-3比例对ω-3 PUFAs的影响,提出体内ω-6/ω-3比例是影响ω-3 PUFAs效应发挥的重要因素。同时,本文指出以往部分ω-3 PUFAs研究忽视了ω-6/ω-3比例这一重要指标,在研究终点时仍未恢复平衡的ω-6/ω-3比例可能是导致研究结果不一致的关键原因,提示尽快规范ω-3 PUFAs研究标准、将ω-6/ω-3比例纳入质控监测指标将有助于客观揭示ω-3 PUFAs的健康效应,并最终推动ω-3 PUFAs在慢病管理中的标准化应用。ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs)are essential structural and functional nutrients in humans,with numerous studies demonstrating their lipid-lowering,anti-inflammatory,cardiovascular protective,and tumor microenvironment-improving effects.However,the inconsistent results fromω-3 PUFAs intervention trials hinder their widespread application in medical guidelines and limit their clinical use in disease management.As another class of polyunsaturated fatty acids,ω-6 PUFAs are commonly found in excess in global diets,leading to an imbalance in theω-6/ω-3 ratio and potentially impeding the health effects ofω-3 PUFAs.Research has shown that highω-6/ω-3 ratios may hinder the beneficial effects ofω-3 PUFAs and are closely associated with the development of numerous chronic diseases due to cellular membrane structure competition and metabolic interference betweenω-6 andω-3 PUFAs.This review analyzes the interaction betweenω-3 andω-6 PUFAs in the body and highlights the importance of theω-6/ω-3 ratio in modulating the effects ofω-3 PUFAs.Furthermore,it emphasizes that the oversight of theω-6/ω-3 ratio in previousω-3 PUFAs studies may be a key reason for inconsistent results,suggesting the need to standardize research protocols and include theω-6/ω-3 ratio as a quality control parameter to objectively elucidate the health effects ofω-3 PUFAs and promote their standardized application in disease management.

关 键 词：Ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸 ω-6/ω-3比例 膳食变迁 肿瘤 炎症 

分 类 号：R459.3[医药卫生—治疗学]