锹里花苗民居“瓜结构”穿斗工艺考  

The Huamiao Traditional Residence"Melon Structure"Chuandou Craft in Qiaoli

作　　者：任康丽[1] 谢宇星 Ren Kangli;Xie Yuxing

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学建筑与城市规划学院

出　　处：《华中建筑》2024年第8期155-159,共5页Huazhong Architecture

基　　金：教育部人文社科研究规划项目“明清古籍善本花谱考”(编号:22YJA760067)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：锹里①花苗②民居属湘西南山地建筑代表性传统木构形式,其聚落依山而建呈现出苗族特有生态景观风貌。民居采用原始干栏式结构,基础、屋架、吊脚楼均以穿斗架为主体,其中“瓜结构”③形式既具有关键性结构支撑作用,又塑造出精美的雕刻工艺装饰图形。研究花苗民居“瓜结构”工艺制作、结构类型、图形象征性,对湘西南苗族山地建筑修复及木构技艺传承具有现实意义。The Huamiao traditional residence in Qiaoli is a representative traditional wooden structure form mountainous architecture in southwestern Hu'nan,its settlement built along the mountain,presenting a unique ecological landscape of the Miao Nationality.The building adopts the original Stilted structure,with the foundation,roof truss,and Stilt house mainly composed of a thorough Column and Tie Construction.One type of special"Melon structure",which not only plays a crucial role in supporting the structure,but also shapes exquisite carved decorative patterns.Studying the structural craftsmanship,decorative features,and artistic symbolism of the"Melon structure"in Huamiao traditional residence has practical significance for the restoration of Miao mountain traditional residence in southwestern Hu'nan and the inheritance of wooden construction techniques.

关 键 词：花苗民居“瓜结构”穿斗 工艺 

分 类 号：TU22[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]