低温和荫蔽双重胁迫对大豆光合特性的影响  

The Effects of Dual Stresses of Low Temperature and Shade on the Photosynthetic Characteristics of Soybean

作　　者：赵丝雨 王思宇[1] 王文艳 许梅 肖启银[1] 刘卫国[1] ZHAO Siyu;WANG Siyu;WANG Wenyan;XU Mei;XIAO Qiyin;LIU Weiguo(College of Agriculture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学农学院,成都611130

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第8期22-30,共9页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系四川创新团队项目(SCCXTD-2020-20);雷波县肉牛高效养殖技术集成与示范国家重点研发计划项目课题(2022YFD1601606).

摘　　要：为了探究低温和荫蔽双重胁迫对大豆苗期生长及光合特性的影响,设计T_(1)L_(1)(正常温度、正常光)、T_(1)L_(2)(正常温度、荫蔽)、T_(2)L_(1)(低温、正常光)、T_(2)L_(2)(低温、荫蔽)4种处理,对川西高原地区种植玉米、大豆带状间作进行研究.结果表明:低温和荫蔽双重胁迫显著影响大豆幼苗的生长和光合特性,T_(2)L_(2)处理的株高、茎粗、叶面积和干物质积累量较T_(1)L_(1)、T_(1)L_(2)和T_(2)L_(1)处理减小.且T_(2)L_(2)处理大豆叶片的净光合速率(P_(n))、气孔导度(G_(s))和蒸腾速率(T r)较T_(1)L_(1)、T_(1)L_(2)和T_(2)L_(1)处理减小,胞间二氧化碳浓度(C_(i))增加,其中,较T_(1)L_(1)处理变化最显著(p<0.05).双重胁迫条件下,T_(2)L_(2)处理的PSII最大光化学量子产量(F v/F m)、光化学荧光猝灭系数(qP)和PSII实际光化学效率(F′q/F′m)较T_(1)L_(1)处理下降了25.97%、60.87%和50.00%,较T_(1)L_(2)处理下降了19.72%、31.82%和10.00%,较T_(2)L_(1)处理下降了17.39%、33.33%和25.00%;非光化学荧光猝灭系数(NPQ)较T_(1)L_(1)处理上升了89.05%,较T_(1)L_(2)处理上升了26.43%,较T_(2)L_(1)处理上升了16.42%.叶绿素a(Chla)、叶绿素b(Chlb)和类胡萝卜素(Car)较T_(1)L_(1)、T_(1)L_(2)和T_(2)L_(1)处理减小,叶绿素a/b(Chla/b)增加.综上,低温和荫蔽双重胁迫会抑制大豆幼苗的生长和光合特性,且相比于低温和荫蔽单因素胁迫,抑制作用更显著.In order to investigate the effects of dual stresses of low temperature and shade on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of soybean seedlings,this study designed four treatments:T_(1)L_(1)(normal temperature,normal light),T_(1)L_(2)(normal temperature,shade),T_(2)L_(1)(low temperature,normal light),and T_(2)L_(2)(low temperature,shade),researched the strip intercropping of corn and soybean in the western Sichuan Plateau region.The results showed that the dual stresses of low temperature and shading significantly affected the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of soybean seedlings.The plant height,stem diameter,leaf area,and dry matter accumulation of T_(2)L_(2)treatment were reduced compared to T_(1)L_(1),T_(1)L_(2),and T_(2)L_(1)treatments.The net photosynthetic rate(P_(n)),stomatal conductance(G_(s)),and transpiration rate(T r)of soybean leaves treated with T_(2)L_(2)decreased compared to T_(1)L_(1),T_(1)L_(2),and T_(2)L_(1)treatments,while the intercellular carbon dioxide concentration(C_(i))increased.Among those,the differences were significant compared to T_(1)L_(1)treatment(p<0.05).Under dual stresses conditions,the maximum photochemical quantum yield(F v/F m),photochemical fluorescence quenching coefficient(qP),and PSII actual photochemical efficiency(F′q/F′m)of PSII in T_(2)L_(2)treatment decreased by 25.97%,60.87%,and 50.00%compared to T_(1)L_(1)treatment,and decreased by 19.72%,31.82%,and 10.00%compared to T_(1)L_(2)treatment,and decreased by 17.39%,33.33%,and 25.00%compared to T_(2)L_(1)treatment,respectively.The non photochemical fluorescence quenching coefficient(NPQ)increased by 89.05%compared to T_(1)L_(1)treatment,26.43%compared to T_(1)L_(2)treatment,and 16.42%compared to T_(2)L_(1)treatment.Chlorophyll a(Chla),chlorophyll b(Chlb),and carotenoids(Car)decreased compared to T_(1)L_(1),T_(1)L_(2),and T_(2)L_(1)treatments,while chlorophyll a/b(Chla/b)increased.In summary,the dual stresses of low temperature and shade can inhibit the growth and photosynthetic performance of soybea

关 键 词：低温 荫蔽 大豆 光合特性 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]