基于食材统一配供体系分析6~15岁儿童青少年超重肥胖趋势及BMI差异变化研究  

Analysis of Overweight and Obesity Trends and BMI Variation among Children and Adolescents Aged 6-15 Years:Based on the Centralized Distribution of Food Material System

作　　者：熊畅 李志娟 王锦铭 俞筠 虞瑛青 钱红丹[1] XIONG Chang;LI Zhijuan;WANG Jinming;YU Yun;YU Yingqing;QIAN Hongdan(Department of School and Food Hygiene,the Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University,Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuxi 214023,China;Department of Nutrition,Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214000,China;Department of Ophthalmology,Wuxi Children's Hospital,Wuxi 214023,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省无锡市疾病预防控制中心(南京医科大学附属无锡疾病预防控制中心)学校与食品卫生科,214023 [2]江南大学附属医院营养科,江苏省无锡市214000 [3]江苏省无锡市儿童医院眼科,214023

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2024年第31期3890-3895,3904,共7页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：无锡市医学重点学科项目(LCZX2021006);无锡市科技发展医疗卫生指导性计划项目(NZ2021014)。

摘　　要：背景儿童青少年超重率和肥胖率正持续增加,各国制定了多个以学校为基础的营养政策来控制超重肥胖,调查营养政策的实施效果较重要。目的评价学校食材统一配供体系对6~15岁儿童青少年超重率和肥胖率的影响。方法于2023年4月回顾性收集2017—2021年无锡市16所学校(8所学校纳入食材统一配供体系记为统一配供组,8所学校未纳入食材统一配供体系记为非统一配供组),共计104749人次6~15岁学生BMI监测数据,体检数据来源于江苏省学生健康监测系统。采用Joinpoint回归和灰色GM(1,1)模型分析2017—2021年超重率和肥胖率的变化趋势,比较食材统一配供体系实施前后儿童和青少年的体质指数Z(BMI-Z)评分的变化以及超重率和肥胖率的趋势。结果2017—2021年6~15岁儿童青少年超重率和肥胖率均呈上升趋势,Joinpoint回归分析显示,统一配供组的学生超重(APC:1.8%vs 4.6%)和肥胖率(APC:6.9%vs 13.3%)上升速度较非统一配供组的学生低,体系实施前后,统一配供组学生与非统一配供组学生的BMI-Z评分增幅差由-0.055(95%CI=-0.108~-0.002)变为-0.195(95%CI=-0.246~-0.145)。灰色GM(1,1)模型预测结果显示,2022、2023、2024年无锡儿童青少年超重率分别为22.02%、22.39%、22.77%,肥胖率分别为17.02%、18.50%、20.12%。结论实施学校食材统一配供体系后,儿童青少年的超重肥胖上升趋势及BMI-Z评分增幅有所减缓,该体系可能是改善儿童青少年营养状况的有效方法,需要继续实施并扩大监测面。Background The prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents is continuously rising.As countries have developed several school-based nutrition policies to control overweight and obesity,it is important to examine the effectiveness of nutrition policies.Objective To evaluate the effect of the centralized distribution of food material system on overweight and obesity rates among children and adolescents aged 6-15 years.Methods In April 2023,a total of 104749 BMI data from sixteen schools aged 6 to 15 years(8 schools were included in the unified food distribution system and recorded as the unified distribution group,and 8 schools were not included in the unified food distribution and supply system and recorded as the non-unified distribution group)in Wuxi were retrospectively collected between 2017 and 2021.The data of physical examination was collected from Student Health Monitoring System in Jiangsu Province.The overweight and obesity epidemiologic trends among children and adolescents were analyzed from 2017 to 2021 in Wuxi,and the changes in BMI-Z scores and trends in overweight and obesity rates among children and adolescents were compared before and after the implementation of the centralized distribution of food material system by the Joinpoint regression and grey GM(1,1)model.Results The prevalence of overweight and obesity among in children and adolescents aged 6-15 years was increasing from 2017 to 2021.The results of the Joinpoint regression analysis indicated that the prevalence of overweight(APC 1.8%vs 4.6%)and obesity(APC 6.9%vs 13.3%)among students included in the system exhibited a slower rate of increase than among those not included.The disparity in the increase of BMI-Z scores among students included in the system and those not included changed from-0.055(95%CI=-0.108--0.002)to-0.195(95%CI=-0.246--0.145)before and after the implementation of the system.The results of grey GM(1,1)model showed that the incidence rate of overweight among children and adolescents in Wuxi in 2022,

关 键 词：肥胖 超重 食材统一配供体系 儿童青少年 体质指数Z指数 

分 类 号：R725.892.5[医药卫生—儿科] R194.3[医药卫生—临床医学]