牵连犯成立要件的判例研究基于对1700余件裁判文书的观察分析  

A Case Study on the Elements of Implicated Offense Based on an Analysis of over 1,700 Judgments

作　　者：王彦强[1] Wang Yanqiang

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学法学院

出　　处：《中外法学》2024年第4期1041-1061,共21页Peking University Law Journal

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“竞合理论的体系构建与适用问题研究”(项目编号:20BFX116)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：通过分析否定牵连犯成立的裁判文书中的否定理由,可以反向凝练出牵连犯成立的必要条件及其司法适用难题。类型化牵连关系、客观牵连事实和主观牵连意图是牵连犯成立的必要条件。类型化牵连关系的判断,应当在“通常性”(罪质的通例性)标准的基础上补充适用“必然性”标准;手段过剩、牵连搭扣等特殊情状的处理,误将同为手段(或目的)的数行为当作牵连犯以及手段与目的行为顺序颠倒等现象,是“客观牵连事实”要件在司法适用中的突出问题;主观牵连意图则强调在实施一个犯罪目的的统率下,行为人对数行为之间手段(原因)与目的(结果)关系的认识,并在此基础上意将该数行为付诸实行的主观心理状态。By analyzing judicial documents that deny the establishment of implicated offenses,it can be found that typical implicated relationships,objective facts of implication,and subjective intentions of implication are necessary conditions for the establishment of such offenses.First,typical implicated relationships should be primarily judged based on the criterion of"commonality(generality in the nature of crime)"and then supplemented by the criterion of"necessity".Second,regarding objective facts of implication,prominent judicial application problems include the treatment of special circumstances of implication,such as"excessive means"and the Clamp effect,as well as the phenomenon of mistaking multiple acts as implicated offenses and reversing the order of the means and the purpose acts.Third,the subjective intention of implication refers to the psychological state in which,for the purpose of committing a crime,the perpetrator understands the relationship between the means(cause)and the ends(result)of the behaviors and puts them into practice.

关 键 词：牵连犯 判例研究 类型化牵连关系 客观牵连事实 主观牵连意图 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学] D924.1[政治法律—法学]