在役岩溶隧道衬砌水压分布及预警控制标准研究  

Study on lining water pressure distribution and early warning control standard of in-service karst tunnel

作　　者：樊浩博 陈宏文[3] 赵东平 朱正国[3] 赵梓宇[3] 朱永全 高新强[1] FAN Hao-bo;CHEN Hong-wen;ZHAO Dong-ping;ZHU Zheng-guo;ZHAO Zi-yu;ZHU Yong-quan;GAO Xin-qiang(State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and System Safety of Traffic Engineering Structures,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050043,China;China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co.Ltd,Chengdu,Sichuan 610031,China;Key Laboratory of Roads and Railway Engineering Safety Control(Shijiazhuang Tiedao University),Ministry of Education,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050043,China;School of Civil Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]石家庄铁道大学省部共建交通工程结构力学行为与系统安全国家重点实验室,河北石家庄050043 [2]中国中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司,四川成都610031 [3]石家庄铁道大学道路与铁道工程安全保障省部共建教育部重点实验室,河北石家庄050043 [4]西南交通大学土木工程学院,四川成都6100312

出　　处：《岩土力学》2024年第7期2153-2166,共14页Rock and Soil Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(No.52108378);青年人才托举工程项目(No.2021QNRC001);河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(No.BJK2023079)。

摘　　要：随着强降雨天气的频发,在役岩溶隧道衬砌开裂、渗漏水及失稳破坏事故日益增多。地表降雨补给下衬砌背后积聚高水压力是岩溶隧道发生水压灾害的主要原因,对在役岩溶隧道开展监测预警是避免灾害发生的重要手段。以郑万线岩溶隧道为依托,开展了相似模型试验及渗流数值模拟,研究了不同岩溶形态下衬砌背后水压分布规律及衬砌隆起位移,制定了岩溶隧道运营监测预警控制标准。结果表明:当地表降雨补给超过隧道排水能力时,衬砌背后将形成“地表补给+洞内排水”的动水压力,仰拱底部极易积聚高水压力;地层中存在岩溶管腔和溶蚀裂隙带时,地表降雨将会导致衬砌水压局部增高,衬砌承受偏压荷载,并使仰拱受力进一步劣化;以隧道仰拱中心水压力和隆起位移作为控制基准,将岩溶隧道运营监测预警等级划分正常运营、临时补修、限速整治和封闭整治。研究成果可为岩溶隧道的结构设计优化及监测预警提供借鉴。With the frequent occurrence of heavy rainfall weather,the accidents of lining cracking,water leakage,and instability failure of in-service karst tunnels are becoming more prevalent.The accumulation of high water pressure behind the lining due to surface rainfall recharge is the primary cause of hydraulic disasters in karst tunnels.Monitoring and early warning for in-service karst tunnels are crucial methods to prevent such disasters.Taking the karst tunnel of Zhengzhou-Wanzhou railway as an example,similar model tests and seepage numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the water pressure distribution behind the lining and the uplift displacement of the lining under different karst morphologies.The research results provide a reference for the operational monitoring and early warning control standards of karst tunnels.The results indicate that when the recharge of surface rainfall exceeds the drainage capacity of the tunnel,a hydrodynamic pressure system of"surface recharge+tunnel drainage"will form behind the lining,making the bottom of the invert prone to accumulating high water pressure.When there are karst cavities and dissolution fracture zones in the strata,surface rainfall will lead to localized increases in water pressure on the lining,causing it to bear eccentric loads and further deteriorating the stress on the invert.Using the water pressure and uplift displacement at the invert center as the control basis,the monitoring and early warning levels for karst tunnel operation are classified into normal operation,temporary repair,speed limit rectification,and closure for rectification.The research findings can offer insights for the structural design optimization and monitoring and early warning of karst tunnels.

关 键 词：岩溶隧道 岩溶管腔 溶蚀裂隙带 衬砌水压力 预警控制标准 

分 类 号：TU451[建筑科学—岩土工程]