西方绅士化与租差理论研究的交织  

Review Between Western Theoretical System of Gentrification and Rent Gap Theory

作　　者：陶伟[1,2] 李晶晶 卢俊[3] 杨春和 TAO Wei;LI Jingjing;LU Jun;YANG Chunhe(School of Geography,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631,Guangdong,China;Center for Sustainable Development of Rural and Town in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631,Guangdong,China;School of Architecture,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640,Guangdong,China;College of Humanities and Social Sciences,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学地理科学学院,广东广州510631 [2]华南师范大学粤港澳大湾区村镇可持续发展研究中心,广东广州州510631 [3]华南理工大学建筑学院,广东广州510641 [4]云南农业大学人文社会科学学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《经济地理》2024年第6期52-60,145,共10页Economic Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42271240);国家社会科学基金重大项目(18ZDA161)。

摘　　要：作为一种全球现象,绅士化已成为探讨城乡发展与社会空间重构的前沿话题。租差理论是解释绅士化现象的经典理论之一,其整合了不平衡发展与资本循环等马克思主义地理学理论,重新探讨了中产阶层、开发商、政府等多元行动者的行为逻辑与主体能动性。近半个世纪以来,绅士化与租差理论的研究重点密切交织,文章根据两者的关系将研究进展划分为:消费/生产二元争辩、理论和解与实证测度、融合发展和多元发展4个阶段,并基于绅士化类型衍生下的租差、租差变化的影响因素、绅士化与租差测度、领域污名化与领域美化4个主要议题的梳理,深入解读资本循环与利益驱动下的绅士化进程。文章认为绅士化是多元主体围绕租差不断进行博弈的动态过程,租差变化既是绅士化现象产生的原因,又是绅士化进一步发展的结果;中国绅士化与租差的结合研究是发展中国式绅士化理论体系的核心内容。中国绅士化与租差的结合研究需更多关注中国语境下土地制度、多元主体与地方发展的历史和情境性,加强与国际学术界的对话与交流,以此为中国土地开发和城乡转型发展提供理论参考,为绅士化理论体系的建构提供中国经验。Gentrification has been a frontier topic for discussing urban-rural development and social space reconstruction,which has developed into a global phenomenon.The rent gap theory has integrated Marxist geographical theory such as uneven development theory and capital circulation theory,and has re-discussed the behavioral logic and subjective initiative of multiple actors including the gentry class,developers,and the government and so on.For nearly half a century,the researches between gentrification and the rent gap theory have experienced four stages:consumption/production duality debate stage,theoretical reconciliation and empirical measurement stage,integrated development stage,and multiple development stage.On the basis of sorting out the development context of gentrification and rent gap theory,this paper analyzes the gentrification process of geographic space driven by capital circulation and profit-seeking from four perspectives:the rent gap behind different types of gentrification,the factors of influencing rent gap change,the measurements of gentrification and rent gap,territorial stigmatisation and territorial glorification.This paper holds that gentrification is a dynamic process of multi-subject game around the rent gap.The rent gap is not only the cause of gentrification,but also the result of its further development.Although China's land system,urban-rural power relations and gentrification characteristics are quite different from those in the West,all of these create possibilities for domestic research topics and theoretical innovation.The research on the combination of gentrification and rent gap theory in the future will need to pay more attention to the contextuality of land system,multiple subjects,and local development history in the Chinese context,and strengthen international contacts,so as to provide theoretical reference for China's land development and urban transformation development,and provide Chinese experience for the construction of gentrification theory system.

关 键 词：绅士化 中产阶层 地租 租差理论 中国语境 资本积累 

分 类 号：K901[历史地理—人文地理学] K928.5