中国城乡土地要素流动格局与影响机理  

Pattern and Mechanism of The Flow of Urban-rural Land Elements in China

作　　者：陈坤秋 周婧婧 陈韵雅 陈娇[1] CHEN Kunqiu;ZHOU Jingjing;CHEN Yunya;CHEN Jiao(School of Public Administration,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,Hunan,China;Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学公共管理学院,湖南长沙410082 [2]中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《经济地理》2024年第6期183-192,共10页Economic Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(42201209);湖南省自然科学基金青年项目(2022JJ40053、2023JJ40137);湖南省自然资源厅科技计划项目(20230109DC)。

摘　　要：文章在厘清城乡土地要素流动科学内涵的基础上,解构城乡土地要素流动的具体形式,利用统计分析、GIS空间分析、空间计量模型等方法对城乡土地要素流动的时空格局及其驱动机理开展了系统研究。研究发现:(1)城乡土地要素流动是指在城乡地域系统内土地要素通过权属变更与功能转变实现价值转型的过程,土地征收、城乡建设用地增减挂钩、集体经营性建设用地入市以及占补平衡目的下的土地整治等是其主要形式。(2)2004—2019年中国城乡土地要素流动呈“先波动增长,后持续下降”与“东高西低,中高南北低”的时空格局。(3)中国城乡土地要素流动是市场驱动和政府干预机制共同作用的结果,城乡收入差距、城镇化率、农民非农收入和土地财政依赖促进城乡土地要素流动,而土地利用比较效益对城乡土地要素流动有负向影响。(4)重新审视土地要素的多元价值,健全城乡统一土地市场与偏向乡村的土地要素增值收益分配机制是关键。同时,城乡土地要素流动的时空异质性启示我们优化其格局与类型是未来科学决策需要重点关注的内容。This paper clarified the scientific connotation and forms of the flow of urban-rural land elements,and explored the spatial-temporal pattern and driving mechanism with the methods of statistical analysis,GIS spatial analysis and spatial econometric model.The results show that:1)The flow of urban-rural land elements is the process of realizing the value transformation of land elements through ownership change and function transformation in rural-urban territorial system.The main forms include land expropriation,linkage between urban-land taking and rural-land giving(LUTRG),transaction of rural commercial collective-owned construction land and land consolidation.2)From 2004 to 2017,the flow of urban-rural land elements shows the tendency that first increased with fluctuation,and then continuous,and the spatial distribution is high in the west of China and low in the east of China,and high in the middle of China and low in the north and the south of China.3)As the result of market-driven and government intervention mechanisms,urban-rural income gap,urbanization rate,non-agricultural income and land financial dependence promote the flow of urban-rural land elements,while urban-rural land comparative benefit has a negative impact.4)It is the key to rethink the multiple values of land elements and improve income distribution mechanism of land factor appreciation that favor rural territory.Optimizing the pattern and type of urban-rural land element flow is the key content in the future.

关 键 词：土地利用 城乡土地要素流动 驱动机制 城镇化 土地财政 乡村振兴 乡村重构 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]