利用多刚体模型分析两种高坠方式  

Analysis of Two High Fall Methods Using Multi-rigid Body Models

作　　者：孟运乐 严圣东 魏智彬 杨超朋 李洋 李昊 何光龙 MENG Yune;YAN Shengdong;WEI Zhibin;YANG Chaopeng;LI Yang;LI Hao;HE Guangong(Institute of Forensic Science,Ministry of Public Security,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]公安部鉴定中心,北京100038

出　　处：《刑事技术》2024年第4期417-421,共5页Forensic Science and Technology

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2021JB001)。

摘　　要：本研究利用多刚体模型对实际案例中有争议的两种高坠方式进行模拟重建,通过MADYMO软件模拟计算人体从窗户上坠落着地部位及着力点,并对身体主要部位进行物理参数分析。结果显示:当人体以骑跨的姿势从窗户掉落时,人体坠落的轨迹是侧面倾倒下落,身体的侧面先着地;当人体以攀附的姿势从窗户掉落时,人体坠落的轨迹是直立竖直下落,身体的下肢先着地。案例中骨折最严重部位在双下肢及骨盆部位,提示人体落地时首先着地部位为下肢,与多刚体人体模型模拟分析的人体以攀附的姿势从窗户掉落高坠过程一致,因此,分析认为案例中的人体高坠损伤符合人体以攀附的姿势从窗户掉落形成。本研究以实际案例为基础,利用多刚体模型对人体高坠过程进行分析重建并直观展示,为高坠损伤分析及辅助判断高坠性质提供一种可视化的新方法。A multi-rigid body model was used in this study to simulate and reconstruct two disputed falling methods in practical cases.The MADYMO software was used to simulate and calculate the landing position and force point of the human body when falling from a window,and to analyze the physical parameters of the main parts of the body.The results showed that when the human body fell from a window in a straddle position,the trajectory of the fall was tilted to the side,and the side of the body landedfirst.When the human body fell from a window in a clinging position,the trajectory of the fall was straight and vertical,and the lower limbs of the body landedfirst.Combining with the fact that the most severe fractures in the case occurred in the lower limbs and pelvic region,it was suggested that thefirst landing position of the human body when falling is the lower limbs,which was consistent with the multi-rigid body human body model simulation analysis of the falling process in a clinging position.Therefore,the analysis believes that the human body falling injury in the case is consistent with the human body falling from a window in a clinging position.Based on practical cases,this study used a multi-rigid body model to analyze and reconstruct the process of human falling,providing a new visualization method for the analysis of falling injuries and the auxiliary judgment of falling properties.

关 键 词：法医病理学 多刚体模型 高坠 现场重建 

分 类 号：DF795.4[医药卫生—法医学]