急倾斜脉群钨矿开采过渡区围岩力学环境变化特征研究  

Study of Changing Characteristics on the Mechanical Environment of the Surrounding Rocks during the Transition Period of Tungsten Mining in Sharply Inclined Vein Group

作　　者：钟文[1,2,3] 林圣杰[1,2] 欧飞 邱金铭 张泽群 曾槟 赵奎 ZHONG Wen;LIN Shengjie;OU Fei;QIU Jinming;ZHANG Zequn;ZENG Bing;ZHAO Kui(Key Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Development and Application Technology of Tungsten Resources,Ministry of Education,Ganzhou 341000,China;School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,China;Deep Vein Group Mine Intelligent Mining Technology Innovation Center of Ganzhou,Ganzhou 341000,China;Chongyi Zhangyuan Tungsten Co.,Ltd.,Ganzhou 341300,China)

机构地区：[1]钨资源高效开发及应用技术教育部工程研究中心,江西赣州341000 [2]江西理工大学资源与环境工程学院,江西赣州341000 [3]赣州市深部脉群矿智能化开采技术创新中心,江西赣州341000 [4]崇义章源钨业股份有限公司,江西赣州341300

出　　处：《金属矿山》2024年第5期76-83,共8页Metal Mine

基　　金：江西省重点研发计划项目(编号:20212BBG71009);江西省青年井冈学者奖励计划项目(编号:QNIG2019054)。

摘　　要：随着现代化采矿工艺的发展,急倾斜脉群矿体正由传统的浅孔留矿法向更高效的阶段矿房法转变,采区围岩力学环境扰动规律也随之改变,特别是在2种采矿方法接替的开采过渡区,可能存在围岩力学环境分布规律的盲区。基于声发射测定的初始地应力采用FLAC3D软件模拟研究了过渡区开采中段采区围岩的力学环境变化特征。结果表明:①上部采区经浅孔留矿法回采出矿后,采区上下盘围岩受到拉应力作用且存在采场边帮松脱的趋势,单脉采场间围岩受应力作用不均匀导致上下端位移交错分布,采区上下盘围岩及单脉采场间围岩以剪切塑性区为主,有发生剪切破坏的风险。②下部采区经阶段矿房法回采出矿后,采区的应力集中现象更加明显,采场顶板出现沉降趋势,采区上下盘围岩向竖直方向变形且两采区位移较连续,采区的顶底板主要为拉伸塑性区且上下盘围岩存在较大范围的剪切塑性区,预示着采区围岩可能同时存在张拉和剪切破坏风险。③对采空区及时进行废石嗣后充填能够有效抑制应力集中现象。矿山在开采过渡区生产时应严格控制上下部相邻采场的开采、充填时序,避免超前开采,进而最大程度抑制应力集中导致的围岩变形、失稳等不利影响。With the development of modern mining techniques,the steeply inclined vein deposits are transitioning from the traditional shallow hole mining method to the large section stage caving method.This change has altered the disturbance pattern of the rock mechanics environment,especially during the transition period when the two mining methods are replaced,which may result in a blind spot in the distribution pattern of the rock mechanics environment in the mining area.This paper simulated the changing characteristics of the surrounding rock in the transitional mining section using FLAC3D software based on the initial ground stress field determined by acoustic emission measurement.The results show that:①After the upper mining area is mined out by the shallow hole mining method,the surrounding rocks of the upper and lower plates of the mining area are subject to tensile stress and there is a tendency for the side gang of the mining area to be loosened,and the surrounding rocks between the single vein mining areas are subject to uneven stress leading to staggered distribution of the displacement of the upper and lower ends,and the surrounding rocks of the upper and lower plates of the mining area and the surrounding rocks between the single vein mining areas are mainly in the shear plastic zone,with the risk of shear damage.②After the lower mining area is mined out by the large section stage caving method,the stress concentration phenomenon in the mining area is more obvious,the top plate of the mining area has a tendency to settle,the surrounding rocks of the upper and lower plates of the mining area are deformed in the vertical direction and the displacement of the two mining areas is more continuous,the top and bottom plates of the mining area are mainly tensile plastic zone and there is a large range of shear plastic zone in the surrounding rocks of the upper and lower plates,which indicates that the surrounding rocks of the mining area may have the risk of tension and shear damage at the same time.③The timely

关 键 词：急倾斜脉群矿 开采过渡区 围岩 力学环境 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TD853[矿业工程—金属矿开采]