基于可爆性分区方法的露天矿炸药单耗预测模型  

Prediction Model of Explosive Unit Consumption in Open-pit Mine Based on Zoning of Blasting Compliance Method

作　　者：于庆磊[1] 李友 李万涛 吴嘉伟 王宇恒 金日杰 YU Qinglei;LI You;LI Wantao;WU Jiawei;WANG Yuheng;JIN Rijie(School of Resources and Civil Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China;HBIS Group Sijiaying Iron Mine Co.,Ltd.,Tangshan 063701,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学资源与土木工程学院,辽宁沈阳110819 [2]河北钢铁集团滦县司家营铁矿有限公司,河北唐山063701

出　　处：《金属矿山》2024年第5期102-109,共8页Metal Mine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(联合基金)项目(编号:U21A20106);国家自然科学基金面上项目(编号:52074060)。

摘　　要：露天矿山爆破作业要求矿岩爆破块度均匀,对岩体可爆性进行评价与应用是优化爆破设计、改善爆破效果的重要依据。在总结分析岩体可爆性主要影响因素的基础上,对司家营铁矿15个爆区矿岩物理力学参数和节理裂隙参数进行了聚类分析和相关分析。结果表明:可以采用抗拉强度、岩石密度、岩体完整性系数和平均节理间距4个指标对岩体可爆性进行评价;同时用蚁群算法优化BP神经网络对评价指标进行赋权,提出了基于加权聚类分析的露天矿岩体可爆性分区方法;然后结合钻孔信息与地质模型,使用距离幂次反比法插值得到矿岩可爆性分区块体模型;利用多元回归分析方法,建立了基于可爆性分区指标的炸药单耗预测数学模型,可为后续类似工况爆区矿岩爆破设计提供参考,对优化爆破设计工作具有指导意义。Blasting operation in open-pit mines requires uniform blasting fragmentation of ore and rock.Evaluation and application of blastability of rock mass is an important basis for optimizing blasting design and improving blasting effect.Based on the inductive analysis of the main factors affecting the blastability of rock mass,cluster analysis and correlation analysis are carried out on the physical and mechanical characteristic parameters and joint geometric parameters of ore and rock in 15 blasting areas of Sijiaying Iron Mine.The results show that tensile strength,rock density,integrity coefficient of rock mass and average distance of joint,can be used to evaluate the blastability of rock mass.At the same time,BP neural network optimized by ant colony optimization is used to give weight to the evaluation index,an appraisement method for zoning of blasting compliance of rocks in open-pit mine based on weighted clustering analysis is proposed.Then,using the information of boreholes and the geological model,the inverse distance interpolation method is adopted to get a block model of zoning of blasting compliance of ore and rock.The mathematical model of unit explosive consumption based on blasting zoning index is established by using multiple regression analysis method,which can provide reference for the subsequent blasting design of ore and rock in blasting areas under similar working conditions and is of guidance significance to the optimization of blasting design.

关 键 词：矿山爆破 可爆性分区 加权聚类分析 块体模型 炸药单耗 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]