斜巷转载点粉尘污染规律及多断面雾幕控尘技术研究  

Study on Dust Pollution Law and Multi-section Fog Curtain Dust Control Technique at Transfer Point of Inclined Roadway

作　　者：荆德吉[1,2,3] 鲍春花 刘鸿威 阚琦笙 杜鹏宇 JING Deji;BAO Chunhua;LIU Hongwei;KAN Qisheng;DU Pengyu(Safety Science and Engineering College,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin 123000,China;Key Laboratory of Mine Thermo-motive Disaster and Control of Ministry of Education,Huludao 125105,China;Ordos Research Institute,Liaoning Technical University,Ordos 017000,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学安全科学与工程学院,辽宁阜新123000 [2]矿山热动力灾害与防治教育部重点实验室,辽宁葫芦岛125105 [3]辽宁工程技术大学鄂尔多斯研究院,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017000

出　　处：《金属矿山》2024年第5期118-125,共8页Metal Mine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(编号:51704146);国家自然科学基金项目(编号:52204216)。

摘　　要：针对斜巷转载点粉尘污染严重的问题,运用COMSOL软件对棋盘井煤矿3号转载点进行了几何建模,并基于计算流体力学(CFD)粒子追踪模型、有限元法和k-ε湍流模型,计算了3号转载点风流流线分布、速度多切面分布以及粉尘粒子运动轨迹,研究了生产工作时3号转载点处风流变化及粉尘运移规律,并针对性地提出了一种多断面雾幕控尘技术。该技术基于螺旋雾幕控尘、超音速隔尘原理,可形成距离长、覆盖范围广的雾幕以最大限度包裹粉尘颗粒,实现粉尘高效净化。最后通过控尘试验及在棋盘井煤矿3号转载点现场应用,验证了该技术的高效降尘特性以及可靠性。研究结果表明:风流分布主要受皮带速度、牵引力和诱导气流的综合作用影响,沿水平和垂直方向分层分布,形成密集且平均速度为0.5 m/s的涡流;粉尘易受涡流影响向四周扩散,主要分布在下风侧,粒径为5~15μm更容易受风流牵引扩散,聚集于工人呼吸带高度,污染严重。将该技术进行控尘试验和现场应用后,全尘和呼尘降尘效率分别高达93.65%、85.59%以上。In view of serious dust pollution problem in sloping road transfer point,the geometric modelling of the No.3 transfer point of Qipanjing Coal Mine was carried out by using COMSOL software,and based on the particle tracking model of Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD),finite element method,and k-εturbulence model,the distribution of wind flow streamline,the distribution of velocity multicut section and the trajectory of dust particles in the No.3 transfer point were computed,the changes of wind flow and dust transport law were investigated in the No.3 transfer point during production work.The wind flow changes and dust transport law at the No.3 transfer point during production work are studied,and a multi-section fog curtain dust control technology is proposed,which is based on principles of spiral fog curtain dust control and supersonic dust isolation,can form a long-distance and wide coverage fog curtain to wrap dust particles to maximum extent to achieve highly efficient purification of dust,and finally,through dust control experiments and on-site application of the technology at No.3 transfer point of Qipanjing Coal Mine,the high efficiency of this technology in terms of dust reduction characteristics and reliability are verified.The study results show that:the wind flow distribution is mainly affected by combined effect of belt speed,traction and induced airflow,and is distributed in layers along horizontal and vertical directions,forming a dense vortex with an average speed of 0.5 m/s.Dust is easily affected by vortex spreading in all directions,it is mainly distributed on downwind side,the particles of sizes between 5μm and 15μm are more susceptible to diffusion of wind flow,and are gathered in height of the workers′respiratory zones,which is seriously contaminated.After the dust control experiment and on-site application of this technology,the dust reduction efficiency of whole dust and exhaled dust is as high as 93.65%and 85.59%respectively.

关 键 词：转载点 数值模拟 多断面雾幕 粉尘运移 降尘效率 

分 类 号：TD714[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]