降雨作用下露天矿山岩质边坡稳定性与声—力学特征研究  

Study on the Stability and Acoustic-Mechanical Characteristics of Rock Slopes in Open-pit Mines under the Influence of Rainfall

作　　者：陈结 孟历德仁[1,2] 蒲源源 崔义 杨妮 朱超 刘博 张定山[5] CHEN Jie;MENGLI Deren;PU Yuanyuan;CUI Yi;YANG Ni;ZHU Chao;LIU Bo;ZHANG Dingshan(State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control,Chongqing 400044,China;School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;Zhalainuoer Coal Industry Co.,Ltd.,China Huaneng Group Co.,Ltd.,Hunlunbuir 021008,China;Chongqing City Investment Infrastructure Construction Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 400010,China;Sichuan Huayingshan Longtan Coal and Electricity Co.,Ltd.,Guang′an 638020,China)

机构地区：[1]煤矿灾害动力学与控制全国重点实验室,重庆400044 [2]重庆大学资源与安全学院,重庆400044 [3]中国华能集团有限公司扎赉诺尔煤业有限责任公司,内蒙古呼伦贝尔021008 [4]重庆城投基础设施建设有限公司,重庆400010 [5]四川华蓥山龙潭煤电有限公司,四川广安638020

出　　处：《金属矿山》2024年第5期161-168,共8页Metal Mine

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目(编号:2021YFC2900400);国家自然科学基金项目(编号:52101077);华能集团总部科技项目(编号:HNKJ22-HF122)。

摘　　要：降雨是加剧露天矿山岩质边坡灾害的重要因素,准确剖析降雨作用下的岩石声—力学特征是实现矿山安全监测的前提条件。为研究降雨作用对露天矿山岩质边坡稳定性与声—力学特性的影响,以室内声学测试与力学测试为主要手段,研究了不同探头布置方式下砂岩在水饱和过程中的声发射信号特征,并定量分析了干燥与饱水2种状态下岩样破坏的声发射信号特征及其破坏形式。结果表明:①降雨作用对声发射信号衰减显著,各探头位置波形最大幅值下降约43.3%,波形频率降低约33.3%,呈现出明显的“频移”现象;②声发射事件在干燥岩样破坏过程中呈现较为随机的、缓和的方式,而在饱水岩样中具有一定的连续性和集中性;③干燥和饱水岩样的破坏形式均以剪切破坏为主,并伴随一定的张拉破坏,但饱水岩样的张拉破坏更加明显。研究结果可为露天矿山岩质边坡岩体声—力学特性分析提供参考,促进微震监测技术在露天矿山边坡稳定性监测中的应用。Rainfall is an important factor in exacerbating rock slope disasters in open-pit mines,and accurate analysis of the acoustic-mechanical characteristics of rocks under the influence of rainfall is a prerequisite for implementing mining safety monitoring.In order to investigate the influence of rainfall on the stability and acoustic-mechanical properties of rock slopes in open-pit mines,this paper mainly uses indoor acoustic and mechanical tests as the main means to study the acoustic emission signal characteristics of sandstone during water saturation under different probe layout methods,and quantitatively analyze the acoustic emission characteristics of rock sample failure and its failure modes in dry and saturated states.Results show that:①Rainfall significantly attenuates the acoustic emission signal,with a decrease of about 43.3%in the maximum amplitude and about 33.3%in the waveform frequency at all probe locations,exhibiting a significant"frequency shift"phenomenon;②The acoustic emission events show a relatively random and mild manner in the process of dry rock sample failure,while they show a certain continuity and concentration in saturated rock samples;③The failure mode of both dry and saturated rock samples is mainly shear failure,accompanied by some tensile failure,but the tensile failure in saturated rock samples is more obvi-ous.The study results can provide reference for the study of the sound-mechanical characteristics of rock slope in open-pit mines,and promote the application of microseismic monitoring technology in the stability monitoring of open-pit mine slope.

关 键 词：岩质边坡 降雨 声发射 声—力学特征 

分 类 号：TD325[矿业工程—矿井建设]