古苗瑶语“梨系”声母的演变  

The Evolution of Ancient Hmong-Mien Li梨Initial Series

作　　者：杨潇潇 石德富[1] 杨正辉 YANG Xiaoxiao;SHI Defu;YANG Zhenghui

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学中国少数民族语言文学学院,北京100081 [2]贵州民族出版社,贵阳550081

出　　处：《民族语文》2024年第2期105-116,共12页Minority Languages of China

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“《中国苗语方言地图集》(21&ZD302)”的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文运用词汇扩散理论分析古苗瑶语“梨系”声母(“梨母”“石母”“写母”)的演变路径和层次。经比较分析,我们认为炯奈语“梨母”“石母”的反映形式是词汇竞争性演变的结果,炯奈语龙华方言中存古形式nkj在词汇扩散中占优势地位,而六巷方言中创新形式Z占优势地位。前贤以炯奈语的复杂反映形式作为构拟“梨系”声母古音形式的依据,用最小公倍数法综合了各方言的特征,*ηgl、*ηkl、*ηkhl这种构拟既可以解释“梨系”声母在瑶语支语言中的演变,也可以解释它们在苗语支语言中的演变。In this paper,we use the lexical diffusion theory to analyze the evolutionary paths and layers of the Li梨initial series(including the Li梨,Shi石and Xie写initials)reconstructed for the ancient Hmong-Mien language.After comparative analysis,we believe that the reflective forms of Li and Shi initials in the Jiongnai language are the results of competitive lexical evolution.The retained form nkj is dominant in lexical diffusion in the Longhua dialect of Jongnai,while the innovative form z is dominant in the Liuxiang dialect of the same language.Taking the complex reflective forms of Jongnai as the basis for the reconstruction of the Li series,the former researchers have synthesized the features of the dialects using"the Least Common Multiple"approach and reconstructed the initials■,■and■,which can explain the evolution of the Li series of initials in both the Mienic and the Hmongic branches.

关 键 词：苗瑶语 “梨系”声母 演变 

分 类 号：H216[语言文字—少数民族语言] H251