奥氏体钢辐照促进应力腐蚀开裂行为机制的研究进展  

Research Progress on Irradiation Assisted Stress CorrosionCracking Behavior and Mechanism of Austenitic Steel

作　　者：高俊宣 曹晗 匡文军 郑全[1] 张鹏[1] 钟巍华[1] GAO Junxuan;CAO Han;KUANG Wenjun;ZHENG Quan;ZHANG Peng;ZHONG Weihua(China Institute of Atomic Energy,Beijing 102413,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国原子能科学研究院,北京102413 [2]西安交通大学材料科学与工程学院,西安710049

出　　处：《中国腐蚀与防护学报》2024年第4期835-846,共12页Journal of Chinese Society For Corrosion and Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFB1900902)。

摘　　要：奥氏体不锈钢是压水堆堆内构件的主要材料,服役过程中在中子辐照、拉应力和一回路高温高压水的联合作用下可发生辐照促进应力腐蚀开裂(IASCC),并导致部件断裂失效,从而影响堆芯构件结构完整性,已经成为影响核电站安全、经济运行的关键问题之一。本文通过调研总结,综述了辐照致IASCC裂纹萌生、扩展及敏感性变化的行为规律,分析了局部变形、晶界氧化、辐照硬化、辐照诱导偏析(RIS)、辐照肿胀及辐照蠕变、辐照诱导相变等主要IASCC机制,总结了辐照后退火(PIA)在IASCC机制研究中的应用,并讨论了IASCC行为机理研究的发展趋势,以期为中子辐照IASCC的行为机理研究提供参考。Austenitic stainless steel is the main material for reactor core components.In the service process,under the joint action of neutron irradiation,tensile stress and high-temperature and high-pressure water medium in the primary coolant circuit,the low stress brittle cracking phenomenon,namely irradiation assisted stress corrosion cracking(IASCC)can occur,which will lead to component fracture and failure,thus affecting the structural integrity of reactor core components.This has become one of the key issues affecting the safety and economic operation of nuclear power plants.In this paper,the crack-initiation,crack-growth and cracking-sensitivity of IASCC are summarized.Then the main influence mechanisms of localized deformation,grain boundary oxidation,irradiation hardening,irradiation induced segregation(RIS),irradiation swelling,irradiation creep and irradiation induced phase transformation on IASCC are analyzed.Meanwhile,the application of post-irradiation annealing(PIA)for resolving IASCC is summarized.Finally,the prospect of research on IASCC mechanism is discussed.This review is aimed to provide a reference for understanding the issue of neutron irradiation assisted stress corrosion cracking of austenitic stainless steels.

关 键 词：裂纹萌生与扩展 IASCC敏感性 局部变形 晶界氧化 辐照硬化 辐照诱导偏析 辐照肿胀与辐照蠕变 辐照诱导相变 辐照后退火 

分 类 号：TG172[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]