现代资本主义的经济与政治  

Economics and Politics in the Age of Modern Capitalism

作　　者：奥托·欣策 张雪琴(译) 陈模玲(译) Otto Hintzey

机构地区：[1]不详 [2]中共中央党校(国家行政学院)马克思主义学院

出　　处：《经济纵横》2024年第6期51-62,共12页Economic Review Journal

摘　　要：奥托·欣策是第二帝国和魏玛时期德国重要的历史学家,其理论对于20世纪社会科学有很大影响。中译文译自吉尔伯特等编译的《奥托·欣策历史学文集》。该文系欣策1929年刊于德国《历史研究》第139卷关于桑巴特《现代资本主义》长篇批判性评论的续篇,欣策正是在这篇文章中重申了他的观点以回应桑巴特的批评。同时,欣策此文也是“一战”后至大萧条前德国知识界持续进行的广泛讨论的一部分,反映出战后十年间德国思想界的时代特征。欣策此文批判了将现代资本主义经济与政治截然二分的观点,从共同体的角度强调了二者的相互嵌入,明确提出根据经济制度对经济史所作的分期不仅不会同根据重大时代变迁对政治史所作的分期相矛盾,而且会以更清晰的经济内涵丰富历史分期,并将此视为方法论上的重大进步。他据此考察了现代资本主义经济与政治的内在关联,更为深入地论证了韦伯关于独立的民族国家是现代资本主义存活之担保人的观点。文章作为一篇经济史论作,结合英、法、德、美等国的相关史实,着重说明在资本主义发展各阶段,政治与经济都是相互嵌入的,纯粹的市场经济不过是乌托邦,呈现了市场与国家的协同演化进程,有助于对“市场原教旨主义”的纠偏,对于今日理论界探讨建构性市场、反思决定论式唯物史观、批判纯粹市场决定论具有重要理论价值和现实意义。Otto Hintze is one of the most important historians during the periods of the Second Reich and the Weimar Republic,and his theories have a significant impact on social sciences in the 20th cen-tury.The Chinese translation is from The Historical Essays of Otto Hintze by Felix Gilbert.This article is a con-tinuation of Hintze's lengthy critical comment on Werner Sombart's Modern Capitalism,which was published in Volume 139 of the Historical Research in 1929.Hintze reiterated his view in this article in response to Som-bart's criticism.In addition,this article is a part of the extensive discussion that continued in the German in-tellectual community from World War I to the Great Depression,reflecting the characteristics of the German intellectual community during the post-War decade.This article criticizes the view that modern capitalist economy and politics are completely separated,emphasizing the mutual embedding of the two from the per-spective of a community.It proposes that the periodization of economic history based on the economic system will not be contradictory to the periodization of political history based on major historical changes,but will en-rich historical periodization with clearer economic connotations,and consider this as great progress in method-ology.He examined the inherent relationship between modern capitalist economy and politics and demon-strated Max Weber's view that an independent nation-state was the guarantor of the survival of modern capi-talism.As an essay of economic history,this article combines the historical facts from the UK,France,Ger-many,and the United States to emphasize that politics and economy are intertwined at different stages of capi-talist development,reflecting that a pure market economy is just a utopia and presenting the process of coordi-nated evolution between the market and the state.It helps to correct market fundamentalism and has a theoreti-cal value and practical significance for the current theoretical scholars to explore constructive markets,reflect on dete

关 键 词：奥托·欣策 现代资本主义 帝国主义 经济 政治 经济史分期 

分 类 号：F03[经济管理—政治经济学]