企业“吹哨人”制度与技术创新——人力资本效应视角  

Enterprise“Whistleblower”System and Technological Innovation:From Human Capital Perspective

作　　者：许晨曦 赵文静 张敏[2] 辛乾 XU Chen-xi;ZHAO Wen-jing;ZHANG Min;XIN Qian(School of Accountancy,Capital University of Economics and Business,Beijing,100070,China;Business School,Renmin University of China,Beijing,100872,China;School of Economics and Management,Harbin Institute of Technology,Shenzhen,Guangdong,518055,China)

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学会计学院,北京100070 [2]中国人民大学商学院,北京100872 [3]哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)经济管理学院,广东深圳518055

出　　处：《经济管理》2024年第6期81-100,共20页Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金重点项目“数字化赋能北京市国有企业创新效率提升研究”(22GLA008)。

摘　　要：员工“吹哨”是员工监督企业以维护自身利益和实现道德满足的重要形式,这也可能会从人力资本层面对企业技术创新产生影响。本文以2015—2021年中国A股非金融类上市公司为样本,实证检验了企业建立“吹哨人”制度对技术创新的影响及其作用机制。结果表明,“吹哨人”制度促进了企业的技术创新,进而有助于企业绩效的改善。机制检验表明,企业建立“吹哨人”制度产生了人力资本效应,其积极的作用机制体现在提高员工评价、促进创新性人才积累和提升劳动生产率等方面。异质性分析发现,在高新技术企业和内部控制质量较高的企业中,“吹哨人”制度对企业技术创新的积极影响更为显著。本文从人力资本视角丰富了“吹哨人”制度对企业创新的影响研究,既有助于深化企业对建立“吹哨人”制度经济后果的认知,也为政策制定者加强“吹哨人”保护和推动经济高质量发展提供了重要启示。Under the new development pattern,the Chinese economy is shifting from an extensive development model based on speed and scale to a high-quality development model based on quality and efficiency,and innovation has become the key to leading high-quality development and improving international competitiveness.The new growth theory holds that human capital is conducive to technological progress and thus becomes the main power source of economic growth.Strengthening the protection of employees’rights and interests,especially strengthening the supervision of employees’legal rights and interests of enterprises,is an important aspect of protecting the human capital of enterprises.At present,insider reporting represented by“whistle-blowing”is becoming an important form for employees to supervise enterprises.The establishment of“whistle-blowing”system to protect employees’rights and interests will have an impact on employees’behavior,which may lead to human capital effects at the enterprise level,and then play an important role in enterprise technological innovation.Based on a data sample of non-financial listed companies on the China A-share market from 2015 to 2021,this study empirically examines the influence of the establishment of“whistle-blower”on enterprise technological innovation.The results indicate that the“whistle-blower”system has a positive effect on technological innovation.The mechanism test shows that the positive role of“whistleblower”system is mainly to improve the enterprise’s employee evaluation,promote the accumulation of innovative talents and enhance labor productivity,so as to significantly improve the enterprise’s innovation performance.Heterogeneity tests reveal that the positive influence of the employee whistle-blowing system on corporate innovation is more significant in high-tech enterprises and effective internal control environments.In addition,extensive research shows that the“whistleblower”system can improve enterprise performance.The main research con

关 键 词：“吹哨人”制度 人力资本 技术创新 

分 类 号：F124.3[经济管理—世界经济] F243