回风井口成雾原因及除雾技术研究  

Study on the Cause of Return Air Wellhead Fog and the Fog Dispersal Technique

作　　者：康国华[1] 刘家明 朱志根[1] 崔鹏 余一松[1] 李华华 KANG Guohua;LIU Jiaming;ZHU Zhigen;CUI Peng;YU Yisong;LI Huahua(Changsha Engineering&Research Institute Ltd.of Nonferrous Metallurgy,Changsha 410000,China;Huize Mining Branch,Yunnan Chihong Zinc&Germanium Co.,Ltd.,Huize 654200,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司,湖南长沙410000 [2]云南驰宏锌锗股份有限公司会泽矿业分公司,云南会泽654200

出　　处：《金属矿山》2024年第7期202-209,共8页Metal Mine

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(编号:2019YFC1904700)。

摘　　要：针对井口雾气污染工作环境,危害工人身体健康,造成井下设备及构筑物严重损害等问题,以云南某铅锌矿为工程背景,通过理论分析、室内试验、数值模拟及现场工业试验等方法,分析了温度、相对湿度及回风量对井口成雾析水量的影响规律,提出了Ⅰ级+Ⅱ级折流板除雾器除雾方法。研究结果表明:风流及温度均能引起空气中水蒸气析出,在严冬风流上行越高,雾气越大;井口成雾析水量随回风量增加呈线性增加,随温度及相对湿度增加呈线性降低;温度、相对湿度及回风量平均每下降1℃,1%,1 m3/s,井口成雾析水量分别增加84、17.2、5 g/s,说明温度是井口成雾析水量的主要影响因素,各因素对井口成雾析水量影响由大到小排序为温度>相对湿度>回风量。采用Ⅰ级+Ⅱ级折流板除雾器除雾时,回风井巷道内压降为300 Pa,表明气流通过除雾器时会产生压力损失。与加入喷淋试验相比,不加喷淋的双级除雾器除雾方法经济成本显著降低,并且现场除雾效果更显著,因而推荐该矿采用不加喷淋的Ⅰ级+Ⅱ级折流板除雾器除雾方法。To address the challenges of polluting the working environment,endangering health of workers,and causing serious damage to underground equipment and structures in wellhead fog.Taking a certain lead-zinc mine in Yunnan as the engineering background,through theoretical analysis,indoor experiments,numerical simulation,and on-site industrial experiments,influence of temperature,relative humidity,and return air volume on the amount of mist formed at the wellhead has been analyzed.And a fog removal method of level I and II baffle demister has been proposed.The study results indicate that water vapor in the air is precipitated in the airflow and temperature.The higher the height of upward airflow in severe winter,the greater the fog.The amount of water formed during fogging and precipitation increases linearly with increase of return air flow,and it decreases linearly with increase of temperature and relative humidity.The average decrease in temperature,relative humidity,and return air volume by 1℃,1%and 1 m3/s in an increase of 84,17.2,and 5 g/s in amount of fog formed at wellhead,respectively.It is show that temperature is the main influencing factor on fog formed at wellhead,influence of various factors on amount of mist formed at wellhead is ranked as temperature>relative humidity>return air volume.Using a levelⅠandⅡbaffle mist eliminator for defogging,pressure drop in the return air roadway is 300 Pa,indicating that pressure is lost when the airflow passes through defogger.Compared with addition of spray,economic cost of without spray is markedly reduced.And on-site defogging effect is more significant.Finally,it is recommended that the mine in Yunnan adopts a levelⅠandⅡbaffle mist eliminator with non spray for defogging.

关 键 词：回风井口 成雾机理 雾气性能 除雾技术 折流式除雾器 

分 类 号：TD727[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]