超滤系统在高难废水处理中的应用及污染控制  

Application and pollution control of ultrafiltration system in wastewater treatment with high difficulty

作　　者：林兴 LIN Xing(The Eighth Research Institute of China National Nuclear Corporation,Shanghai 201800,China)

机构地区：[1]核工业第八研究所,上海201800

出　　处：《现代化工》2024年第8期224-227,共4页Modern Chemical Industry

摘　　要：某焦化废水处理站处理规模为150 m^(3)/d,废水成分复杂、色度高,含有大量难降解及有毒有害物质,如酚类、苯系物等。针对工艺出水水质不稳定的问题,以超滤系统为核心,对原有废水处理工艺进行了工艺升级。结果表明,超滤膜系统可作为回用工艺中反渗透系统的预处理工艺稳定运行,出水SS稳定低于5 mg/L,出水浊度稳定低于0.5 NTU。在设计水量下,通过周期性的维护性清洗,系统运行稳定。当处理量超过设计水量连续运行时,膜污染加剧,跨膜压差急剧上升至-55 kPa,周期性维护性清洗丧失作用。取膜丝切片在扫描电子显微镜(SEM)下观察,发现中空纤维膜表面形成了连续致密的污染层,过流孔道完全被覆盖,表明膜丝已严重污染。采用预酸洗-碱洗-酸洗的混合清洗方式,跨膜压差恢复至初始运行状态。项目的改造及运行维护为超滤系统在高难废水处理中的应用以及膜污染的控制提供参考。A coking wastewater treatment station has a capacity of 150 m^(3)·d^(-1).This type of wastewater has complex components and high chromaticity,and contains a large amount of toxic and harmful substances that are difficult to degrade,such as phenols,benzene derivatives,etc.The original wastewater treatment process is upgraded and transformed with the ultrafiltration system as the core to improve the unstable quality of effluent water.Studies results show that the ultrafiltration membrane system can be used as the pretreatment process of reverse osmosis system in the treatment of coking wastewater.The effluent SS is stable below 5 mg·L^(-1),and the effluent turbidity is stable below 0.5 NTU.Under the designed water flow,the system runs stably through periodic maintenance cleaning.Membrane pollution will be intensified,the transmembrane pressure will rise sharply to-55 kPa,and periodic maintenance cleaning loses its role when the actual treatment volume exceeds the design value.After the membrane polluted is treated through the pre-pickling-alkaline pickling-pickling,the transmembrane pressure is restored to the initial operation state.The renovation,operation and maintenance of the project can provide reference for the application of ultrafiltration system in treating wastewater with high difficulty and the control of membrane fouling.

关 键 词：高难废水 超滤系统 膜污染控制 清洗维护 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]