黑河中游耕地变化与节水灌溉对地表耗水与地下水的影响  

Impacts of Cropland Change and Water⁃Saving Irrigation on Surface Water Consumption and Groundwater in the Middle Reaches of Heihe River

作　　者：张震域 唐娜 吴彦昭 董国涛 赵沛 ZHANG Zhenyu;TANG Na;WU Yanzhao;DONG Guotao;ZHAO Pei(Heihe Water Resources and Ecological Protection Research Center,Lanzhou 730030,China;Heihe River Bureau of the Yellow River Conservancy Commission,Lanzhou 730030,China;Gansu Hydrological Station,Lanzhou 730031,China)

机构地区：[1]黑河水资源与生态保护研究中心,甘肃兰州730030 [2]黄河水利委员会黑河流域管理局,甘肃兰州730030 [3]甘肃省水文站,甘肃兰州730031

出　　处：《人民黄河》2024年第8期104-109,共6页Yellow River

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(23&ZD104);甘肃省陇原青年英才项目(YJZX-2022-07-01)。

摘　　要：为探究黑河中游耕地面积变化与节水灌溉影响下地表水耗水及地下水动态演变特征,基于1985—2022年黑河莺落峡、正义峡水文站实测径流量月数据和中游地区49眼地下水观测井埋深月数据,结合对节水灌溉的实地调研结果,利用统计分析等方法,分析了地表水耗水和地下水埋深对耕地面积变化与节水灌溉的响应。结果表明:耕地面积变化、节水灌溉和水量统一调度多重影响下,黑河中游地表水耗水量略有下降;黑河中游地下水埋深总体呈增大趋势,扩耕较大的大满灌区东南部与东北部及友联灌区中部地下水埋深明显增大;不同灌溉方式对地下水埋深也有较大影响,河灌区地下水埋深随地表水入渗补给量变化,井灌区和混灌区地下水埋深随地下水开采量变化。In order to investigate the characteristics of surface water consumption and groundwater dynamics under the influence of the change of cultivated land area and water-saving irrigation in the middle reaches of the Heihe River,based on the monthly data of the measured runoff from the hydrographic stations of Yingluoxia and Zhengyixia of the Heihe River and the monthly data of the depth of 49 groundwater observa-tion wells in the middle reaches of the Heihe River from 1985 to 2022,and combined with the results of the field research on water-saving ir-rigation,the response of surface water consumption and depth of groundwater to the change of cultivated land area and water-saving irrigation since the unification of water quantity regulation had been analyzed with the help of statistical analysis.The response of surface water con-sumption and groundwater depth to the change of cultivated area and water-saving irrigation was analyzed by statistical analysis.The results show that:under the multiple influences of the change of cultivated area,water-saving irrigation and water resource management,the surface water consumption in the middle reaches of the Heihe River has been slightly decreased since the integrated regulation;the groundwater depth in the middle reaches of the Heihe River shows an increasing trend in general,and the depth of the groundwater in the southeastern and northeastern parts of the Daman irrigation area,which is the largest cultivated area and in the central part of the Youlian irrigation area,has been obviously increased;and the impact of different irrigation methods on the depth of the groundwater is also very serious.Different irriga-tion methods also have great influence to the depth of groundwater,which varies with the amount of surface water infiltration and recharge in the river irrigation area,and varies with the amount of groundwater extraction in the well irrigation area and mixed irrigation area.

关 键 词：地表水耗水 地下水埋深 耕地面积变化 节水灌溉 黑河中游 

分 类 号：P641[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]