超验与世俗:马克思宗教批判理论的内在张力  

Transcendence and Secularism:The Inner Power in Marx's Religious Criticism Theory

作　　者：贾巾月 JIA Jinyue(School of Marxism,Suzhou Vocational University,Suzhou 215104,Jiangsu,China;School of Marxism,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州职业大学马克思主义学院,江苏苏州215104 [2]北京大学马克思主义学院,北京100871

出　　处：《安康学院学报》2024年第4期16-21,共6页Journal of Ankang University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“以中国式现代化推进中华民族伟大复兴研究”(22ZDA022)。

摘　　要：马克思的宗教批判思想蕴含着超验性与世俗性的内在张力。对思辨哲学的批判、对政治国家的批判、对市民社会的批判,以及对生产方式的批判等不同时期的宗教批判思想既是马克思消解超验性与世俗性张力的理论武器,又是马克思对德国政治现实进行扬弃所取得的成果总结。马克思出于“国家-市民社会”的关系的经验性诉求,把人的本质二分为抽象与现实并赋予实践,使宗教的终极归宿在人的社会生产实践中自我绽开,完成了历史唯物主义对科学无神论的实践架构。马克思的宗教批判是一个动态的历史过程,经历了从现象到本质、从天国到尘世的日益深刻的追问和日益彻底的反思。Marx's religious criticism contains the inner tension between transcendence and secularity.The criticism of religion in different periods,such as the criticism of speculative philosophy,the criticism of political state,the criticism of civil society,and the criticism of the mode of production,is not only the theoretical weapon of Eliminating the tension of transcendentality and secularity,but also the summary of the achievement of Sublating the German political reality.Marx,out of the empirical appeal of the relationship between the state and the civil society,divided the essence of man into abstraction and reality and endowed it with practice,so that the ultimate destination of religion would expand itself in the social production practice of man,and completed the practical framework of historical materialism versus scientific atheism.Marx's religious criticism is a dynamic historical process,which is undergoing increasingly profound questioning and thorough reflection from phenomenon to essence,from heaven to earth.

关 键 词：超验性 世俗化 宗教批判 人类解放 

分 类 号：B0-0[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学] B920[哲学宗教—哲学理论]