播期与播量对河南省秋播饲用燕麦生产性能的影响  

Effect of sowing date and seeding rate on the production performance of autumn-sown forage oats in Henan province

作　　者：吴嘉浩 桑瑞娟 董春阳 姚晋 李德锋[1,2,3] WU Jiahao;SANG Ruijuan;DONG Chunyang;YAO Jin;LI Defeng(College of Animal Science and Technology,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou,Henan Province 450046,China;Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources,Zhengzhou,Henan Province 450046,China;Henan Forage Engineering Technology research center,Zhengzhou,Henan Province 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学动物科技学院,河南郑州450046 [2]河南省草地资源创新与利用重点实验室,河南郑州450046 [3]河南省牧草工程技术研究中心,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《中国饲料》2024年第15期155-161,共7页China Feed

基　　金：河南省科技攻关计划项目(222102110133);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-34)。

摘　　要：为研究播期与播量对河南省秋播饲用燕麦的影响,试验设置4个播期、3个播种量,研究不同播期与播量对秋播燕麦越冬率、分蘖和株高等农艺性状和干草产量、籽粒产量的影响。结果表明:10月下旬播种的燕麦越冬率最高,早播和晚播燕麦越冬率较低,但各播期燕麦越冬率均在90%以上;株高、干草和籽粒产量与冬后分蘖数显著正相关;早播燕麦部分分蘖在越冬时被冻死,使其株高、干草和籽粒产量降低;晚播燕麦生育期缩短,分蘖减少,干草和籽粒产量较低;早播和晚播均降低干草产量和籽粒产量,10月下旬播种达到最高,分别为16.10、3.85 t/hm^(2);播种越晚乳熟中期收货时的燕麦草品质越好。综上所述,秋播燕麦可在河南省安全越冬,干草品质、干草和籽粒产量主要受播期影响,播种量对其影响不显著;河南省秋播燕麦适宜在10月下旬播种,播量60~90 kg/hm^(2)。The purpose of this study,which included four sowing dates and three seeding rates,was to determine the best sowing dates and rates for autumn-sown forage oat in Henan province by examining the effects of various sowing dates and seeding rates on hay yield(HY),grain yield(GY),and some agronomic traits like the winter survival rate,tillering characteristics,and plant height(PH).The results showed that oats sown in later October had the best winter survival rate,however,winter survival rates for oats sown in early and late were lower and all sowing dates were over 90%overall.Correlation analysis showed that overwintering tillers were strongly positively linked with PH,GY and HY.Some tillers were frozen to death over the winter as a result of the early planting treatment,which lowered PH,GY and HY.The whole growth period of later sowing oats was shortened,and tillers,HY,GY were reduced.The later the sowing date,the greater the nutritional quality of the oats harvested during the middle of the milk stage.Early and late sowing caused GY and HY to decline after reaching their peaks in late October at 16.10 t/hm^(2) and 3.85 t/hm^(2),respectively.Oats grown in the fall could survive the winter in Henan province.The sowing date had the biggest impact on HY,GY and nutritional quality,but the seeding rate barely matters.The province of Henan could sow oats at a pace of 60~90 kg/hm^(2) in late October.

关 键 词：燕麦 播期 播量:生产性能:营养品质 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学]