不同微生物、酶及其协同作用对发酵棕榈粕的影响  

The effects of different microorganisms,enzymes and their synergy on the fermented palm kernel meal

作　　者：陈敬帮 董毅 徐智鹏[1] 黄鑫[1] 张彦[1] 戴晋军[1] CHEN Jingbang;DONG Yi;XU Zhipeng;HUANG Xin;ZHANG Yan;DAI Jinjun(Angel Yeast Co.,Ltd.,Yichang,Hubei Province 443000,China)

机构地区：[1]安琪酵母股份有限公司,湖北宜昌443000

出　　处：《中国饲料》2024年第15期198-202,共5页China Feed

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助(2021YFD1301002);湖北省重点研发计划项目(2023EHA061)。

摘　　要：本文旨在研究不同微生物和酶及其协同作用对于棕榈粕发酵的影响。将不同微生物、酶及菌酶组合与棕榈粕混合,在呼吸袋中制备发酵棕榈粕并分析其粗蛋白、酸溶蛋白/粗蛋白、粗纤维、甘露聚糖、乳酸、还原糖及消化率的差异结果表明:单一微生物发酵棕榈粕指标无明显变化;碱性蛋白酶可以提高发酵棕榈粕酸溶蛋白/粗蛋白质含量,达(12.07±0.67)%;甘露聚糖酶、纤维素酶非淀粉多糖酶和葡聚糖酶可以降低棕榈粕中的粗纤维、甘露聚糖含量,提高还原糖含量。通过部分因子设计试验对菌酶进行组合研究发现,最优组合方案为酵母菌不添加、芽孢杆菌0.1%、乳酸菌0.1%、蛋白酶1%、甘露聚糖酶1%、纤维素酶1%、非淀粉多糖酶1%,此条件下,发酵棕榈粕酸溶蛋白/粗蛋白质含量为15.92%,甘露聚糖29.65%,粗纤维9.35%,乳酸2.55%。通过鸭仿生消化试验发现,菌酶协同可以提升发酵棕榈粕的干物质消化率和蛋白消化率,鸭干物质消化率提升89.22%,达26.15%,蛋白质消化率提升60.68%,达52.35%。综上,不同的微生物和酶对发酵棕榈粕作用效果不同,菌酶协同发酵优于单一微生物或酶。To investigate the impact of diverse microorganisms and enzymes as well as their synergetic effects on the fermented palm kernel meal,different microorganisms,enzymes and combinations of bacteria and enzymes were mixed with palm meal,and the fermented palm meal was prepared in respiratory bags.The differences in its crude protein,acid-soluble protein/crude protein,crude fiber,mannan,lactic acid,reducing sugar and digestibility were analyzed.The results indicated that there was no evident change in the index of single microorganism-fermented palm kernel meal;the alkaline protease could enhance the acid-soluble protein/crude protein content of the fermented palm kernel meal,reaching(12.07±0.67)%;the mannanase,cellulase non-starch polysaccharide enzyme,and glucanase could reduce the crude fiber and mannan in the palm kernel meal,and increase the reducing sugar content.Via the partial factor design experiment,the combination of bacteria and enzymes was studied,and the optimal combination scheme was that no yeast added,the bacillus 0.1%,the lactic acid bacteria 0.1%,the protease 1%,the mannanase 1%,the cellulase 1%,and the non-starch polysaccharide enzyme 1%.The acid-soluble protein/crude protein of the fermented palm kernel meal was 15.92%,the mannan was 29.65%,the crude fiber was 9.35%,and the lactic acid was 2.55%.Through the duck biomimetic digestion experiment,the synergy of bacteria and enzymes could raise the dry matter digestibility and protein digestibility of the fermented palm kernel meal,and the duck dry matter digestibility was increased by 89.22%,reaching 26.15%,and the protein digestibility was increased by 60.68%,reaching 52.35%.The research findings demonstrated that different microorganisms and enzymes had varying effects on the fermented palm kernel meal,and the synergy of bacteria and enzymes in fermentation outperforms that of a single microorganism or enzyme.

关 键 词：棕榈粕 菌酶协同 微生物 酶 

分 类 号：S816.6[农业科学—饲料科学]