长城主题博物馆的数字化展示实践与优化对策探索  

Practice and Optimization Strategy of Digital Display in the Great Wall Thematic Museums

作　　者：周小凤 王楚涵 张朝枝 Zhou Xiaofeng;Wang Chuhan;Zhang Chaozhi(Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai,Guangdong,519000;Fudan University,Shanghai,200433)

机构地区：[1]中山大学,广东珠海519000 [2]复旦大学,上海200433

出　　处：《中国博物馆》2024年第3期10-20,134,共12页Chinese Museum

基　　金：“腾博基金”资助项目“长城沿线博物馆、纪念馆、乡村博物馆建设与展览数字化传播”(项目编号:TCMA 2022-1.7)的研究成果之一。

摘　　要：在数字化展示逐渐成为文化遗产展示核心方式的时代潮流中,通过62家已建成开放的长城主题博物馆的线下与线上调研结果显示,长城主题博物馆的数字化展示有序推进,与传统展示方式互补互促,是建设长城国家文化公园数字化再现重点工程的重要组成部分,强化了博物馆传承长城文化、建设长城国家文化公园的载体和抓手等基本功能。目前,长城主题博物馆的数字化展示以基于实体展览的辅助型数字化展示与线上虚拟展为主,以基于叙事主题的独立型线下数字化展示为辅,缺少独立主题的线上纯虚拟展示;数字化展示方式以传统信息展示型与交互触屏展示型为主,以沉浸式展示型、传感器式展示型、机械控制展示型为辅。同时,长城主题博物馆的数字化展示也面临着“长城资源数字采集滞后”“数字化展示方式获得感不足”“数字化展示运营难以持续”等困境。为此,建议实施强化数字化人才支持与智力支撑、搭建全面的长城信息数据库、设立长城主题博物馆数字化专项资金、加强长城数字资源的文化内涵研究、培育数字化展示创新案例等一系列措施,进一步提升长城主题博物馆的“数字科技+长城文化”深度融合及其数字化展示水平。With the trend of digital approach becoming the core of cultural heritage exhibition,a hybrid survey of 62 Great Wall thematic museums was conducted.It shows that the digital display is being promoted in those museums,with traditional display supplementing each other.It became an important part of the digital reproduction project of the Great Wall national cultural parks,strengthening the role of museums in promoting Great Wall culture and constructing the parks.At present,the digital exhibitions of the Great Wall museums are mainly auxiliary or online virtual exhibitions based on physical exhibitions,supplemented by independent on-site digital exhibitions based on thematic storylines.There is a lack of original thematic virtual exhibitions online.The displaying methods are mainly traditional information display with interactive touch screen,supplemented by immersive,sensor-controlled,and mechanical-controlled displays.At the same time,the digital exhibitions of those museums are also faced with dificulties such as out-of-date digital collection,unfulfilled visitor experience,and unsustainable operation.Therefore,this article suggested to strengthen the talent and intelligence support,build comprehensive Great Wall database,establish specialized funds,enhance the connotation research of the Great Wall digital resources,and cultivate innovative digital cases,in order to further deepen the fusion of"digital technology+the Great Wall culture"and improve the digital exhibitions of the Great Wall thematic museums.

关 键 词：长城文化 博物馆 数字化展示 长城国家文化公园 

分 类 号：G260.7[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] G265