海南东寨港国家级自然保护区红树林潮沟海陆蛙种群数量调查  

Survey on Population Density of Crab-eating Frog in Mangrove Tidal Ditch,Hainan Dongzhaigang National Nature Reserve

作　　者：冯尔辉 罗战 朱萧文 施雪岩 梁笑 杨卓 吴庭天 王力军[2] FENG Erhui;LUO Zhan;ZHU Xiaowen;SHI Xueyan;LIANG Xiao;YANG Zhuo;WU Tingtian;WANG Lijun(Hainan Dongzhaigang National Nature Reserve Authority,Haikou,571333,China;Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands,Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province,College of Life Sciences,Hainan Normal University,Haikou,571158,China;Hainan Academy of Forestry(Hainan Academy of Mangrove),Haikou,571100,China)

机构地区：[1]海南东寨港国家级自然保护区管理局,海口571333 [2]热带岛屿生态学教育部重点实验室,海南省热带动植物生态学重点实验室,海南师范大学生命科学学院,海口571158 [3]海南省林业科学研究院(海南省红树林研究院),海口571100

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2024年第3期580-587,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：海南省省属科研院所技术创新专项(SQKY2022-0036);海南东寨港国家级自然保护区管理局项目(东护[2020]09号)。

摘　　要：为全面了解和掌握海南东寨港国家级自然保护区红树林潮沟海陆蛙(Fejervarya cancrivora)种群数量及其动态变化,2020—2022年,在保护区不同片区潮沟内共设置34条样线,对海陆蛙种群数量进行调查和监测,分析保护区海陆蛙种群的致危因素,并提出保护和管理建议。调查表明:海陆蛙主要分布在管理局、道学和三江片区,而塔市和博度片区海陆蛙分布基本处于空白状态;3个年度海陆蛙种群密度基本一致,由高到低依次为三江、道学和管理局;2020年度三江种群密度为221.6只/hm^(2)、道学164.7只/hm^(2)和管理局137.4只/hm^(2),明显高于2022年度(三江151.2只/hm^(2)、道学144.8只/hm^(2)和管理局116.3只/hm^(2))和2021年度(三江113.2只/hm^(2)、道学99.6只/hm^(2)和管理局51.9只/hm^(2));2020—2022年三江、道学和管理局片区总的海陆蛙种群数量分别为6498、3357、4847只。盐度高、水体污染、牡蛎附生和潮汐裸滩面积少等是导致海陆蛙在塔市和博度分布缺失的主要因素。非法捕捉、周边养殖塘包围及其导致的繁殖生境减少和污染是影响海陆蛙种群的致危因素。In order to understand the population abundance and dynamic of crab-eating frog(Fejervarya cancrivora)in the mangrove of Hainan Dongzhaigang National Nature Reserve,34 line transects were investigated in tidal ditches of man⁃grove from 2020 to 2022.Further,the risk factors affecting the frog population in the reserve were analyzed,and some sug⁃gestions on protection and management were informed.The results showed that crab-eating frogs mainly distributed in the regions of Management Bureau,Daoxue and Sanjiang,but absent in Tashi and Bodu.The population density of crabeating frog was highest in Sanjiang,then in Daoxue and lowest in Management Bureau.The population density of Sanji⁃ang,Daoxue,Management Bureau were 221.6 individuals/hm^(2),164.7 individuals/hm^(2),137.4 individuals/hm^(2)respectively in 2020,which was significantly higher than that in 2022(151.2 individuals/hm^(2)in Sanjiang,144.8 individuals/hm^(2)in Da⁃oxue and 116.3 individuals/hm^(2)in Management Bureau)and 2021(113.2 individuals/hm^(2)in Sanjiang,99.6 individuals/hm^(2)in Daoxue and 51.9 individuals/hm^(2)in Management Bureau).The total population of Sanjiang,Daoxue and Manage⁃ment Bureau were 6,498,3,357,4,847 respectively from 2020 to 2022.Higher salinity,water pollution,epiphytic oyster and small tidal bare beach area were the main factors leading to the absence of crab-eating frog in Tashi and Bodu.The ille⁃gal capture,reduction of breeding habitats and pollution caused by aquaculture ponds are threatening factors to the popula⁃tions of crab-eating frog.

关 键 词：海陆蛙 红树林 潮沟 种群数量 海南东寨港国家级自然保护区 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]