曝气方式对AFBBR处理污水过程中脱氮性能的影响  

Impact of Aeration Methods on Denitrifying Performance During Aerobic Fluidized Bed Biofilm Reactor for Waste water Treatment

作　　者：焦梦 刘晶晶[1] 孙小沛[1] 任杰辉 Jiao Meng;Liu Jingjing;Sun Xiaopei;Ren Jiehui(PowerChina Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited,Xi'an 710065,China;Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering,Xi'an University of Technology,Xi'an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司,陕西西安710065 [2]西安理工大学市政与环境工程系,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《市政技术》2024年第8期221-228,共8页Journal of Municipal Technology

基　　金：中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司一般科技项目(RD12043);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2022MD723838)。

摘　　要：探索了曝气强度、曝气孔间距和曝气孔径对好氧流化床生物膜反应器(aerobic fluidized bed biofilm reactor,AFBBR)内污水脱氮效率、脱氮速率、微生物群落组成及脱氮功能微生物相对丰度的影响,揭示了不同曝气方式条件下污水脱氮机理。结果表明,在曝气强度5.77 m^(3)/(h·m^(3))、曝气孔间距10 mm和曝气孔径0.27 mm条件下氨氮和总氮的去除率较高,可达到75.0%和70.6%;在曝气强度5.77 m^(3)/(h·m^(3))和曝气孔间距10 mm条件下标准氧传质效率(SOTE)和氧利用率(E)较高,且较小曝气孔径条件下氧气充氧性能较佳;曝气方式影响了同步硝化反硝化速率(SND)、硝化速率(NR)和反硝化速率(DNR),改变了脱氮效率及硝氮和亚硝氮质量浓度;在曝气孔间距10 mm和曝气孔径0.27 mm条件下SND、NR和DNR均达到最高,分别为78.8%、4.9×10^(-4)mg/(h·mg)和4.6×10^(-4)mg/(h·mg),而在曝气强度5.77 m^(3)/(h·m^(3))条件下仅DNR达到最大值;AFBBR系统中共检测出16种脱氮微生物,且反硝化细菌相对丰度显著高于氨氧化细菌和亚硝酸氧化细菌;合适的曝气方式通过形成合适的氧环境条件,提高了Proteobacteria门类中具有脱氮功能的微生物(反硝化细菌)丰度,实现了污水的高效脱氮。合适的曝气强度、曝气孔间距和曝气孔径设计有助于提高AFBBR系统的脱氮性能。In this study,the impact of varying aeration intensity,pore spacing,and pore size on denitrification efficiency and rate,microbial community composition and relative abundance of denitrifying functional microorganism in an aerobic fluidized bed biofilm reactor(AFBBR)were explored.The nitrogen removal process in wastewater treatment was unveiled under different aeration methods.The results indicated that with an aeration intensity of 5.77 m/(h·m^(3)),aeration hole spacing of 10 mm,and aeration aperture of 0.27 mm,the removal rate for ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen was higher,which can reach 75.0%and 70.6%;The standard oxygen mass transfer efficiency(SOTE)and oxygen utilization efficiency(E)were relatively higher with an aeration intensity of 5.77 m/(h·m^(3))and a pore spacing of 10 mm,and the oxygen oxygenation performance was better with smaller aeration hole sizes;Various aeration techniques impacted simultaneous nitrification and denitrifying(SND),nitrification rate(NR)and denitrifying rate(DNR),and changed the concentrations of nitrate and nitrite nitrogen;The SND,NR and DNR were the highest of 78.8%,4.9×10^(-4)mg/(h·mg)and 4.6×10^(-4)mg/(h·mg)respectively with a 10 mm spacing and 0.27 mm size of aeration pores.Notably,only DNR peaked at its highest value under an aeration intensity of 5.77 m/(h·m^(3));A total of 16 denitrifying microorganisms were detected in the AFBBR system.And the relative abundance of denitrifying bacteria was significantly higher than that of ammonia oxidizing bacteria and nitrite oxidizing bacteria.The suitable oxygen environment was obtained by appropriate aeration method,which improved the abundance of microorganisms with denitrifying function(denitrifying bacteria)in the Proteobacteria category and obtained the efficient denitrification of wastewater.That proper aeration intensity,spacing,and size of aeration pores are crucial for enhancing the denitrification performance of AFBBR systems.

关 键 词：曝气方式 AFBBR 污水 脱氮性能 微生物 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]